The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn read the translation. The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn - the temptation and salvation of man - abstract. The plot scheme of the Tale, its construction

INTRODUCTION

"The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn" is the first everyday novel in Russian literature, with a love affair, vivid sketches from the then reality and extremely varied adventures of the hero. The plot narrative is multifaceted and is colored by a successful artistic mixture of genre solutions, combining the wonderful motifs of old literature with innovative lyrical everyday narration, which, in turn, are successfully combined with fabulous and epic narrative techniques.

I chose this topic because, perhaps due to my age, the theme of love, forbidden and sophisticated, is very close to me. In the Tale, much attention is paid to the depiction of the love experiences of a young man. Savva - the main character, is hard going through separation from his beloved.

In my work I will try to reveal this theme of love, which entailed the temptation of man. I will analyze the “good” help of the demon, his role in the life and fate of Savva Grudtsyn, the punishment of the latter and his forgiveness, the meaning of the presence of the motive of the relationship between man and the devil. I will try to clearly identify the combination of a romantic theme with detailed descriptions of the life and customs of Rus' in the 17th century.

These days, situations like this are very common. Often people, in order to achieve their goal, often a whim, forget about everything: about age-old family traditions, about parents (the problem of “fathers” and “children”), about any spiritual values and about the laws of God. On this basis, I consider this topic relevant, and "The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn" is a work that is the best lesson in our difficult, confusing life.

1. "The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn" as a storyXVIIcentury

The genre system of Russian prose experienced in the 17th century. fundamental breakdown and restructuring. The meaning of this restructuring was to free from business functions, from ties with ritual, from medieval etiquette. There was a fictionalization of prose, its transformation into a free plot narrative. The hagiographies, which gradually lost their former meaning of "religious epic", were penetrated by features of secular biography. The translated chivalric novel and the translated short story have sharply increased the share of entertaining plots. In prose, complex new compositions arose, in which several traditional genre schemes were used.

The 17th century, when the renewal of Russian spiritual culture and literature begins, in particular, is well characterized by A.M. Panchenko. He writes in his book "Russian Literature on the Eve of Peter's Reforms" that the 17th century cries out about the conflict between fathers and children, for example, in the author's literature of different generations. The 17th century is the century of a turn, a transition to the new in the life of the entire state. Time that cuts life into old and new, past and future.

In the literature of the 17th century there are a number of works that reveal the features of the time, such a work is, without a doubt, the Tale of Savva Grudtsyn.

The hero of literature of the second half of the 17th century is distinguished activity, liveliness. This is primarily due to the socio-historical nature of the literature of that time. For folklore knows neither social concreteness nor individuality. And although "The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn" is not a folklore work, it also demonstrates the extraordinary energy of the protagonist.

From birth, a person is destined for a place in society. This is his life purpose. The heroes of lives feel their destiny from an early age. Saints, either in a dream or in reality, receive a vision that points them to their destiny.

Here, in the literature of the 17th century, the heroes understand a destiny of a different kind - a destiny in self-reliance. In the literature, this is also related to the development individuality when personality traits begin to emerge. In the center is a person as a person.

A deep philosophical thought about personal destiny is closely connected with the idyll. The idyll is expressed in the agreement of destiny with tradition and in the agreement of man with destiny. These two concepts merge and diverge at the same time. There is a destiny as a norm, a ready-made idyll, and as a departure from the norm, an idyll that the hero is looking for.

Reliance on one's own strengths includes the beginning - creative and destructive. Creativity as a consequence of independence is the rejection of the idyll, and it is this that leads to union with the devil. This union gives rise to a destructive beginning. This is well reflected in The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn.

Savva was offered a certain norm: the norm of life, the norm of behavior, which stems from the idyll, from the initial destination. Savva, starting from her, thereby falls out of the norm. In a situation of choice, he chooses his own path. Not accepting the norm and falling out of it, the hero is subject to many trials and temptations of life.

Demonic intervention is perceived as good, but for the time being, until the understanding of one's sin before God. Savva went the wrong, inhuman way and was punished for apostasy. Being on the verge of a choice, not having fulfilled his true destiny, Savva leaves for a monastery. The monastery is only a refuge from fate, from oneself. This is an idyll, but an idyll in which the struggle with oneself continues, since the non-exhaustive awareness of one's guilt before God haunts the hero, and hence the relentless atonement for sins.

So, the person in the stories of the 17th century is ambiguous. In it, the high is connected with the base, the animal, the sinful. And the latter wins at first. This fact of connection explains the duality of the inner world of the characters, as well as the renunciation of God and the sale of the soul to the devil. God fades into the background for them, so the heroes of the Tales, having gone through the fall, in their repentance are forever deprived of their initial idyll and acquire a relative idyll.

2. Event outline in a brief retelling

"The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn"

The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn is the first Russian novel written at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries.

At the very beginning of The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn, the author, unknown to us by name, emphasizes the importance of the topic he has taken: “I want to tell you, brethren, this amazing story, filled with fear and horror and worthy of inexpressible surprise, how long-suffering the philanthropic God is, waiting for our conversion, and by its inexpressible destinies leads to salvation. 200 years before Dostoevsky, the author of The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn was essentially trying to create a kind of Life of a Great Sinner, in which the most important moral and ethical issues of the era were to be resolved by means of fiction.

The author began his "The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn" in 1606. “Be it in our days in the summer of 7114,” he writes, “when for the multiplication of our sins, God let the Bogomer apostate and heretic Grishka despise Otrepyev on the Moscow state, steal the throne of the Russian state robbery, and not royally. Then, throughout the Russian state, the evil Lithuania and many dirty tricks and devastation by the Russian people in Moscow and in the city of creators will multiply. And from that Lithuanian ruin, I leave many of my houses and run from city to city. This introduction immediately opens up to the reader a broad historical perspective, linking the private life of the hero of the Tale, which will be discussed in the future with a great event in the life of the people. The story was developed on Russian material. The theme of selling the soul to the devil for worldly goods and pleasures.

In 1606, the eminent merchant Foma Grudtsyn moved from the city of Veliky Ustyug to Kazan. Here he calmly lived until the end of the “troubles”, when he could again expand his trading activities, together with his twelve-year-old son Savva. A few years later, Foma Grudtsyn sailed on his ships to Persia, and sent his son to Salt Kamskaya with goods also loaded on ships before reaching Solikamsk, Savva stopped in the small town of Orel with a “deliberate man in a hotel”. This man knew Foma Grudtsyn well and warmly welcomed his son.

An old friend of his father, merchant Bazhen II, learns about Savva's arrival in Orel. He asks Savva to come to his house, where he introduces him to his young wife. A romance develops between a young woman and Savva. After the first intoxication with passion, Savva tries to stop communicating with the wife of his father's friend, but the offended woman gives him a love potion, after which Savva's passion flares up with renewed vigor. But Bazhen's wife, taking revenge on Savva, rejects him and forces him to leave Bazhen's house.

Sympathizing with his hero, the author of The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn, for the first time in the history of Russian medieval literature, carefully traces and describes the psychological state of Savva in love, who “is grieving in his heart and inconsolably grieving for that wife. And the beauty of his face began to fade from the great hardship and his flesh to become thinner. Suffering Savva is ready to do anything to get her back - even ready to destroy her soul. “I would have served the Devil,” he thinks.

The story introduces the medieval motif of the union between man and the devil. Traditional demonological motifs are inserted into the causal relationship of events. In addition to a wonderful explanation, some of them have a very real one. They are concretized, surrounded by everyday details, made visual. The torment of Savva, who was seized by a passion for someone else's wife, psychologically prepares the sale of his soul to the devil. In a fit of spiritual grief, Savva calls out for help from the demon, and he immediately appeared before Savva in the guise of a young man who introduced himself to him as a relative, also from the Grudtsyn family, but those who did not leave for Kazan, but remained in Veliky Ustyug. The newly-appeared relative of Savva undertook to help him in grief, demanding for this only "a small manuscript of some kind."

Since then, luck has rained down on Savva: he reconnects with his beloved, escapes from the wrath of his father, moves with fabulous speed from Orel Solikamsky to the cities of the Volga region and the Oka.

Then the "named brother" teaches Savva the art of war. On his advice, Savva enters the service of the king. Further, he participates in the struggle of Russian troops with Polish feudal lords for Smolensk and three times defeats three Polish "giants" (heroes).

The demon serves Savva, and for a long time he does not know about his true nature. Bes is smart, he knows more than Savva. This is a completely different image of the demon compared to the one that was familiar to the ancient Russian reader from hagiographic literature. The demon in the story acquires quite “particular” features. He accompanies Savva and outwardly does not differ from people: he walks in a merchant's caftan and performs the duties of a servant. He's even a little vulgar. The miraculous has an ordinary look. This is an element of fantasy, skillfully introduced into a real setting.

Savva's constant moving from one city to another is caused by Savva's restless conscience. They are psychologically motivated. The sale of the soul to the devil becomes a plot-forming moment in the story.

Thus, the plot of the sale of the soul to the devil, as it were, landed, introduced into a certain geographical and historical setting. He was associated with real psychological motivations. Individual conflicts were dramatized. The action was theatrical. The author not only talks about the past, but also presents events to readers, unfolds events in front of readers, creating the effect of co-presence of the reader.

But now it's payback time. Savva is mortally ill, and his relative comes to him dying and demands payment according to the receipt given by Savva to him in Orel. Savva realizes that under the guise of a relative, the devil himself helped him, and is horrified by his frivolity. Savva prays to the Mother of God, asking her for help. In a dream, he had a vision. The Mother of God promises to save him if he becomes a monk. Savva agrees, then recovers and is tonsured in the Miracle Monastery.

"The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn", as I already wrote, is called the first Russian novel. Its plot development, indeed, in many respects resembles the plot development of a novel, which is characterized by a certain psychology, the presence of spiritual development and everyday concretization. The author tried to show an ordinary human character in an everyday, everyday environment, to reveal the complexity and inconsistency of character, to show the meaning of love in a person's life. Quite rightly, therefore, a number of researchers consider The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn as the initial stage in the formation of the novel genre.

3. The plot scheme of the Tale, its construction

In The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn, the plot scheme of a “miracle”, a religious legend, is used. This genre was one of the most widespread in medieval writing. It is widely represented in the prose of the 17th century. Every religious legend sets itself the didactic goal of proving some kind of Christian axiom, for example, the reality of prayer and repentance, the inevitability of punishment for the sinner. In legends, for example, there are three plot nodes. Legends begin with a transgression, misfortune or illness of the hero. This is followed by repentance, prayer, an appeal to God, the Mother of God, the saints for help. The third knot is remission of sin, healing, salvation. This composition was obligatory, but in its development, in a specific performance, a certain artistic freedom was allowed.

The plot source of the Tale was religious legends about a young man who sinned by selling his soul to the devil, then repented and was forgiven.

Another source is a fairy tale. The fairy tale is inspired by the scenes in which the demon acts as a magical assistant, “giving” Savva “wisdom” in military affairs, supplying him with money, etc. The duel of Savva with three enemy heroes near Smolensk goes back to the fairy tale.

"The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn" is not a mosaic of ill-fitting fragments taken from different compositions. This is a thoughtful, ideologically and artistically integral work. Savva then was not destined to achieve fabulous happiness, which God judges, and Savva sold his soul to Satan. The demon, so similar to a fabulous, magical assistant, is in fact the antagonist of the hero. The demon is not omnipotent, and the one who trusts in him will certainly fail. Evil begets evil. Evil makes a person unhappy. Such is the moral conflict of the story, and in this conflict the demon plays the primary role.

The demonic theme in The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn is the tragic theme of "doubling". Bes is the "brother" of the hero, his second self. In the Orthodox view, every person living on earth is accompanied by a guardian angel - also a kind of double, but an ideal, heavenly double. The author of the "Tale" gave a negative, "shadow" solution to this topic. The demon - the shadow of the hero, the demon personifies the vices of Savva, the dark that is in him - frivolity, weak will, vanity, voluptuousness. The forces of evil are powerless in the fight against the righteous, but the sinner becomes their easy prey, because they choose the path of evil. Savva, of course, is a victim, but he himself is guilty of his misfortunes.

In the author's artistic conception of the varied diversity of life. Its variability fascinates a young man, but a perfect Christian must resist this delusion, for for him earthly existence is perishable, sleep is vanity of vanities. This idea occupied the author so much that he allowed inconsistency in the construction of the plot.

In his views, the author of the story is a conservative. He is horrified by carnal passion, as well as any thought of enjoying life. This is a sin of destruction, but the power of love - the passions of an attractive motley life - has already captured his contemporaries, entered the flesh and blood of a new generation. The author opposes new trends, condemns them from the standpoint of church morality. But, like a true artist, he admits that these trends are firmly rooted in Russian society.

CONCLUSION

Having finished the work, I want to note the important thing - "the philanthropic god is long-suffering, waiting for our conversion, and with his inexpressible destinies leads to salvation." The ending is prosperous and, despite the fact that Savva Grudtsyn went the wrong, I repeat, inhuman way, he finds salvation for himself, and this is his salvation - in the monastery (although I think that serving God in the monastery, probably, first of all, is a renunciation of himself). God gives the main character a second chance - a chance for salvation, repentance. The author seems to have revealed the problem of Dostoevsky for many millennia: a crime must always be followed by punishment. Raskolnikov is also punished, however, for the murder, but the meaning of the finale is the same: the revival of the protagonist, the atonement for guilt. Nothing passes without a trace, we see in this work, and, by the way, this can be confirmed today, for example, on the basis of our own life experience.

Analyzing "The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn", I was once again convinced that this work contains the main eternal values \u200b\u200brelated to morality and morality.

This work shows all aspects of the situation: both positive and negative. And this is very important, as it helps us to be more reasonable when choosing a direction, a path in life. "The Tale" makes you think about its purpose, which is written in the second paragraph of the abstract plan, because everyone has it, and everyone has it individually. This must be known, understood and remembered always.

List of used literature

1. Vodovozov N. History of ancient Russian literature: A textbook for students ped. in-t on spec. No. 2101 "Russian language and literature". - M., "Enlightenment", 1972.

2. History of Russian literature X - XVII centuries. / ed. D.S. Likhachev. - M., "Enlightenment", 1880.

3. Radi E.A. The Parable of the Prodigal Son in Russian Literature: Uchebn. Handbook for students of philological faculties of a pedagogical university. - Sterlitamak - Samara, 2006.

4. Kuskov V.V., Prokofiev N.I. History of Old Russian Literature: A Handbook for Students Nat. separate ped. in-comrade. - L .: "Enlightenment". Leningrad. department, 1987.

5. Likhachev D.S. The Tale of the Tver Otroch Monastery, The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn, The Tale of Frol Skobeev // History of World Literature: In 9 volumes / USSR Academy of Sciences; Institute of world literature. them. A. M. Gorky. — M.: Nauka, 1983.

6. Literature of Ancient Rus'. Reader. / comp. L.A. Dmitriev; Ed. D.S. Likhachev. - M., "Higher School", 1990.

Thematically close to "The Tale of Woe and Misfortune" is "The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn", created in the 70s of the 17th century. This story also reveals the theme of the relationship between two generations, contrasts two types of attitudes towards life.

The basis of the plot is the life of the merchant's son Savva Grudtsyn, full of worries and adventures. The narrative about the fate of the hero is given against a broad historical background. Savva's youth takes place in the years "persecution and great rebellion", that is, during the struggle of the Russian people with the Polish intervention; in his mature years, the hero takes part in the war for Smolensk in 1632–1634. The story mentions historical figures: Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, boyar Streshnev, governor Shein, centurion Shilov; and the hero himself belongs to the well-known merchant family of the Grudtsyn-Usovs. However, the main place in the story is occupied by pictures of private life.

The story consists of a series of consecutive episodes that make up the main milestones of Savva's biography: youth, mature years, old age and death.

In his youth, Savva, sent by his father on commercial affairs to the city of Orel Solikamsky, indulges in amorous pleasures with the wife of his father's friend Bazhen II, boldly trampling on the sanctity of the family union and the sanctity of friendship. In this part of the story, the central place is given to a love affair and the first attempts are made to depict the love experiences of a person. Intoxicated with a love potion, expelled from Bazhen's house, Savva begins to be tormented by the pangs of love: “And behold, some kind of fire began to burn in his heart ... he began to grieve and mourn for her wife ... And the beauty of his face began to fade from the great tightness and his flesh became thinner.” To dispel his grief, to quench his heart's anguish, Savva goes outside the city, into the bosom of nature.

The author sympathizes with Savva, condemns the act "evil and unfaithful wife", deceitfully deceived him. But this traditional motif of the seduction of an innocent child acquires real psychological outlines in the story.

The medieval motif of the union of a man with the devil is also introduced into the story: in a fit of love sorrow, Savva calls for the help of the devil, and he did not hesitate to appear at his call in the form of a young man. He is ready to render Savva any services, requiring him only to give "manuscript little some"(sell your soul). The hero fulfills the demand of the demon, without attaching any special importance to it, and even worships Satan himself in his kingdom, the devil, having taken the form of the "named brother", becomes Savva's devoted servant.

The ideological and artistic function of the image of the demon in the story is close to the function of Grief in The Tale of Woe and Misfortune. He is the embodiment of the fate of the hero and the inner turmoil of his young and impulsive soul. At the same time, the image of the "named brother", which the demon takes in the story, is close to the folk tale.

With the help of his “named brother”, Savva reconnects with his beloved, escapes from the wrath of his parents, being transported with fabulous speed from Orel Solikamsky to the Volga and Oka. In Shuya, the “named brother” teaches Savva the military article, then helps him in reconnaissance of the fortifications of Smolensk and in duels with three Polish "giants".

Showing the participation of Savva in the struggle of the Russian troops for Smolensk, the author of the story glorifies his image. Savva's victory over enemy heroes is depicted in a heroic epic style. As M. O. Skripil notes, in these episodes Savva approaches the images of Russian heroes, and his victory in fights with enemy "giants" rises to the significance of a national feat.

It is characteristic that Savva enters the service of the king on the advice of his "named brother" - a demon. When the boyar Streshnev invited Savva to stay in his house, the demon "fury" He speaks: “Why do you want to despise the royal mercy and serve his serf? You yourself are now arranged in the same order, already more and the king himself was noble, ecu ... Whenever the king leads your faithful service, then he will also be exalted in rank from him. The royal service is considered by the demon as a means for the merchant's son to achieve nobility, to move him into the service nobility. Attributing these "sinful thoughts" of Savva to a demon, the author condemns the ambitious thoughts of the hero. The heroic deeds of Savva are surprising "all... the Russian army", but they provoke the furious wrath of the voivode - the boyar Shein, who acts in the story as a zealous guardian of the inviolability of class relations. Upon learning that the feats were accomplished by a merchant's son, the governor "began to revile him with all sorts of absurd words." Shein demands that Savva immediately leave Smolensk and return to his wealthy parents. The conflict between the boyar and the merchant's son is vividly characterized by the conflict that began in the second half of the 17th century. the process of forming a new nobility.

If in the episodes depicting the youth of the hero, a love affair is brought to the fore and the ardent, addicting nature of an inexperienced young man is revealed, then in the episodes telling about the mature years of Savva, the heroic traits of his character come to the fore: courage, courage, fearlessness. In this part of the story, the author successfully combines the methods of folk epic poetry with the stylistic devices of military stories.

In the last part of the story, describing Savva's illness, the author makes extensive use of traditional demonological motifs: "temple" demons rush in to the sick person in a great crowd and begin to torment him: "... ovo on the wall of the biy, ovo on the platform from his bed, sweeping it, but crushing it with specks and foam and tormenting him with all sorts of different languor." In these "demonic torments" it is not difficult to detect the characteristic signs of epilepsy. Learning about Savva's torment, the king sends two "guards" protect from demonic torments.

The denouement of the story is connected with the traditional motif of the "miracles" of the Mother of God icons: the Mother of God, by her intercession, saves Savva from demonic torment, having previously taken a vow from him to go to the monastery. Healed, getting back your smoothed "manuscript", Savva becomes a monk. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that Savva remains a "young man" throughout the story.

The image of Savva, as well as the image of the Young Man in "The Tale of Woe and Misfortune", summarizes the features of the younger generation, striving to throw off the oppression of centuries-old traditions, to live to the fullest extent of their daring youthful strength.

The style of the story combines traditional book techniques and individual motifs of oral folk poetry. The novelty of the story lies in its attempt to depict an ordinary human character in an ordinary everyday environment, to reveal the complexity and inconsistency of character, to show the meaning of love in a person's life. Quite rightly, therefore, a number of researchers consider "The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn" as the initial stage in the formation of the novel genre.

See: Russian novels of the 17th century // Afterword and comments by M. O. Skripil to the Tale of Savva Grudtsyn. M., 1954. S. 385–394.
Cm.: Likhachev D.S. Prerequisites for the emergence of the genre of the novel in Russian literature// Likhachev D.S. Studies in Russian literature. L., 1986. S. 96–112.

)

The story is very wonderful and worthy of surprise, even as a certain merchant Foma Grudtsyn happened in the city of Kazan about his son Savva

original text

In the summer from the creation of the world 7114 (1606), there was a certain merchant in the city of Velich Ustyuz, a husband glorious and rich, with the name and notoriety of Foma Grudtsyn-Usovs. Seeing God’s persecution and rebellion against Christians in the Russian state and in many cities, Abie leaves the great city of Ustyug and moves to the lower glorious royal city of Kazan, where there was no ill-fated Lithuania in the lower cities.

And that Thomas lives with his wife in the city of Kazan, even until the years of the pious great sovereign, the tsar and the great prince Mikhail Feoderovich of all Russia. Having that Thomas a son of the only begotten, named Savva, twelve years of age. The custom, having that Thomas, I will buy deeds, driving down the Volga River, sometimes to the Kama Salt, sometimes to Astrakhan, and sometimes across the Khvalynsk Sea to the Shakhov Region, driving away, I will buy creative things. To the same and his son Savva, it is instructive and not lazy to such a matter to diligently command you, so that after death his heir would be his estate.

At some time, at the desire of that Thomas, sail to buy in the Shakhov region and arrange ordinary boats with tavars for swimming, but after arranging courts with ordinary tavars, he orders his son to sail to the Kamskaya Salt and such a merchant’s business with any fear of lying to your command. And abie kissing the usual kiss to his wife and son, touches the path.

The days are short, hesitating, and his son, at the arranged courts, at the command of his father, to the Salt of Kama begins to create a voyage. When he reached the Usolsk city of Orel, the Abie landed on the shore and, at the command of his father, he pestered a certain person in a hotel to dwell. The hotel host and his wife, remembering the love and mercy of his father, a lot of diligence and every good deed I do to him, and as if he had every care for his son. He stays in the hotel for a long time.

In the same city of Orel, there was a certain tradesman of that city, with the name and notoriety of the Second Important, having already grown old in years and we know better in many cities for the sake of his life, more and more wealthy and more and more we know and is friendly to Savvin father Foma Grudtsyn. Having taken away Bazhen the Second, as if from Kazan Foma Grudtsyn, his son is found in their city, and thinking in himself, as if “his father had much love and friendship with me, but now I despised him, but I will take him into my house, let him dwell with me, and eats with me from my table."

And having thought this, having once seen that Savva on the way to come and, having called him, they begin to say: “Friend Savvo! therefore do not disobey me, come and dwell in my house, so that we eat from my common meal. Because of the love of your father, I graciously accept you like a son. Savva, having heard such verbs from her husband, was very glad to be, as if from such a glorious husband he wants to be, and does low worship before him. Immediately from the inn, the onago leaves for the house of the husband of that Bazhen the Second and lives in all prosperity, rejoicing. The same important is the second old one, and having a wife, newly brought by a third marriage, I am a virgin. Hate the good of the human race, the adversary the devil, seeing that man’s virtuous life, and although he stirs up his house, Abie stings his wife on the young man onago to a foul mixture of fornication and incessantly entraps the young man onago with flattering words to fall fornication: God knows the feminine nature to entrap the minds of the young to fornication . And so that Savva, by the flattery of that wife, even more so, from the envy of the devil, they would quickly fall asleep, falling into the net of fornication with her wife, insatiably doing fornication and untimely in that nasty deed being with her, lower than the resurrection day, lower than the holiday, remembering, but forgetting fear God's and mortal's, always more in the feces of fornication like a pig wallowing and in such an insatiable wandering for a long time like cattle.

Once upon a time, I will be in time for the feast of the Ascension of our Lord Jesus Christ, on the eve of the feast of Bazhen II, we will sing with us the young man Savva, having gone to the holy church for evening singing and after the dismissal of vespers, we have come back to our house, and at the usual supper we lie down with our skin on our bed thanking God. Suddenly, the God-loving husband of Bazhen II fell asleep soundly, while his wife, instigated by the devil, secretly got up from his bed and came to the bed of the young man onago and aroused him, forcing him to a nasty mixture of prodigal. He, even a young one, but as if by a certain arrow of the fear of God, was wounded, fearing the judgment of God, thinking in himself: “How on such a domineering day should an imam do such a stingy deed?” And think of this, start with an oath to deny it, saying, as if "I do not want to destroy my soul and defile my body on such a great holiday." She, insatiably inflamed by the lust of fornication, relentlessly nudges him with caressing him, threatening him with some kind of ban, so that he fulfills her desire, and laboring a lot, admonishing him, but it is by no means possible to incline him to her will: divine for some power helps him . Seeing that crafty wife, as if it were not possible to attract the young man to her will, aby green fury fell on the young man like a fierce serpent, groaning, moving away from his bed, thinking with magic potions to drink him and immediately commit his evil intention though. And having conceived the greatness, this and create.

Sometimes, however, he began to rivet to morning singing, but he was the God-loving husband of Bazhen II, soon rising from his bed, arousing the young man Savva, having gone to the praise of God by morning and listening with attention and fear of God, and came to his house. And when the time came for the divine litorgy, going again with joy to the holy church for the doxology of God. The cursed wife of this woman carefully arranged a magic potion for the young man and, like a snake, wanted to vomit her poison on him. After the remission of the divine litorgy, Bazhen II and Savva left the church, wanting to go to their house. The governor of that city, having invited her husband Bazhen the Second, let him dine with him, asking about the young man, whose son and where. He will tell him that Foma Grudtsyn's son is from Kazan. The governor also invites the young man onago to his house, knowing his father well. They were in his house and, according to the custom of a common meal, having taken communion, returned with joy to their house.

Bazhen the Second commanded to bring little from the wine, but they would drink honor in their house for the sake of the reigning feast, nothing more than knowing the crafty intentions of their wife. She, like an evil viper, hides malice in her heart and falls for flattery towards this young man. Bringing the former wine, he pours out a cup and brings it to her husband. He also drank thanks to God. And then pours, drinking herself. And the Abie pours the poisonous potion prepared by him and brings the young man to Savva. He, having drunk in no way thinking, being afraid of Onya’s wife, teashe, as if he thinks of no evil against him, and without any thought he drinks the fierce potion. And behold, a kind of fire will burn in his hearts. He, thinking, speaking to himself, like "many different drinks in my father's house and never drink such a drink, as now." And when, having drunk onago, they begin to grieve in their hearts and mourn for her wife. She, like a fierce lioness, fiercely looked at him and showed no greeting to him. He is lamenting, grieving for her. She began to slander her husband on the young man and speak absurd words and command him to be driven out of her house. He is a God-fearing husband, even if he desires in his heart for the young man, but he is also caught by the female flattery, he commands the young man to leave his house, telling him some guilt. That young man, with great pity and a hard heart, departs from his house, grieving and lamenting about her wicked wife.

And he came again to the house of the onago host, where the first dweller lived. He asks him: "What are the consequences of leaving Bazhenov's house for the sake of guilt?" He, telling them, as if “you yourself do not want to live with them, it’s good for me to eat.” With a heart of sorrow and inconsolably grieving for her wife. And from the great tautness of the beauty of his face, they begin to fade and his flesh becomes thinner. Seeing the hostel, the young man mourns and mourns vehemently, wondering what it was.

But there was a certain sorcerer in that city, telling with his charms, to whom what grief is to happen, he is recognizing, or live or die. The hotel host and his wife, prudence beings, have a lot of care for the young man, and they secretly call on the sorcerer onago, wanting to find out from him what grief the young man has befallen. The sorcerer, having looked at his magic books, tells the truth, as if there is no sorrow of a young man in himself, only he grieves for the wife of Bazhen the Second, as if he had fallen into a prodigal mixture, now he is condemned from her and, aching over her, laments. The hotel host and his wife, listening to such from the sorcerer, are not a faith, for Bazhen’s husband is pious and afraid of God, and you don’t count this for anything. Savva, on the other hand, is constantly grieving and grieving for her damned wife, and day by day from that tightness, thin her flesh, as if someone were sick with great sorrow.

Once upon a time, that Savva went out alone beyond the city on the field from great despondency and sorrow to stroll and walk alone across the field, and seeing no one behind him or in front of him, and nothing else but lamenting and grieving about his separation from his wife and, thinking in to myself in my mind such an evil thought, saying: "Even if someone from a man or the devil himself created this thing, if I were to be copulated with her wife, I would have served the devil." And having thought such a thought, as if having entered the mind, walking alone and walking a little, hearing a voice behind him, calling his name. He is converted, he sees a young man behind him, running fast in a deliberate robe, waving his hand to him, wait for himself commanding. He is standing, waiting for the young man onago to him.

The young man of that, moreover, the speech, the adversary the devil, who constantly prowls, looking for the death of man, came to Savva and, according to custom, bowed to each other. The young man who came to Savva spoke, saying: “Brother Savvo, why are you running away from me like a stranger? you are from the clan of the Grudtsyn-Usovs from the city of Kazan, and if you want to take me away, and from the same family from the city of Veliky Ustyug, I have been living here for a long time for the sake of buying horses, and we are brothers by carnal birth. friend, and do not leave me: I am glad to give you all help in everything. Savva, having heard from an imaginary onaggo brother, or rather a speech, from a demon, such verbs, rejoiced greatly, as if in such a distant unknown country he had found a relative, and graciously kissed, walking both together in that desert.

When Savvo came with him, the demon spoke to Savva: "Brother Savvo, what grief do you have in yourself, as if your youthful beauty disappeared?" He, all cunning, told him to be some kind of great sorrow in himself. The demon, grinning, said to him: “Why are you hiding from me? Savva said: "If you know true sorrow, even imam in yourself, then I will understand your faith, as you can help me." The devil said to him: “You, grieving, are crushed by your heart for the wife of Bazhen the Second, you are not excommunicated from her love. Savva said: “Ah, well, I give them all the goods and wealth of my father and with profits, I give you everything. The demon smiled even at that, and said to him: “Why are you tempting us? I know, as your father has a lot of wealth. Do not you weigh, as if my father is seven times richer than your father. for me, there is little handwriting, and I will fulfill your desire. The young man is glad to be, thinking in himself, as if "the wealth of my father will be whole, but I will give him the scripture that we tell him to write," and not knowing what destruction he wants to fall into, he also writes perfectly, lower compose what he can. Ole of the madness of the onago youth! How quickly he was caught by the flattery of a woman, and for the sake of what destruction she condescends! When the demon spoke these words to the young man, he promised with joy to give the scripture. The imaginary brother, moreover, decide, the demon, soon taking out ink and a charter from the ochpaga, gives the young man and commands him to immediately write a scripture. The same young man Savva still imperfectly knows how to write and, if the demon had told him, he wrote the same thing, without compiling, and by such writing he denied Christ the true God and surrendered himself to the service of the devil. Having written such a God-marked scripture, he gives it to the devil, his imaginary brother. And tacos went both to the city of Eagle.

Asking Savva the demon, saying: "Tell me, my brother, where you live, so that we can see your house." The demon, having laughed, said to him: “I don’t have a special house for imam, but where I come, I’ll start there. If you want to see me often, look for me always on the horse platform. horse purchases. But I myself will not be too lazy to visit you. Now go to the shop of Bazhen the Second: we know, as if with joy he will call you to his house to live.

Savva, according to the verb of his brother the devil, joyfully flow to the shop of Bazhen the Second. When Bazhen, seeing Savva, zealously invites him to him, saying: “Lord Savvo, what malice did I do to you and why did you leave my house? I would gladly welcome you to my son with all my heart." Savva, when she heard such words from Bazhen, rejoiced with unspeakable joy and soon flowed to the house of Bazhen the Second. And when he comes, his wife, when she sees the young man, and, being incited by the devil, joyfully meets him, and greets him with every caress, and kisses him. The young man is caught by the flattery of a woman, moreover, by the devil, he still stumbles in the net of fornication with her cursed wife, below the holidays, below the fear of God, remembering, not insatiably incessantly wallowing with her in the feces of fornication.

Over time, Abiye enters into rumors in the notorious city of Kazan to mother Savvina, as if her son lives a faulty and dishonorable life and, like his father's tavars, he was all exhausted in fornication and drunkenness. His mother, listening to her son, was very upset and wrote a letter to him, so that he would return from there to the city of Kazan and to his father's house. And when the scripture came to him, he read it, laughing and imputing it to nothing. She sends him the second and third letters to him, prays with prayer, and conjures him with oaths, so that he immediately goes from there to the city of Kazan. Savva, on the other hand, is in no way aware of the matter of prayer and oath, but he is not imputed to anything, only exercising in the passion of fornication.

After a certain time, the demon will take Savva and both of them will go beyond the city of Orel to the field. To those who left the city, the demon speaks to Savva: “Brother Savvo, weigh, who am I? be ashamed to be called brother with me: I have absolutely loved you as a brotherhood to myself. But if you want to know about me, I am the son of kings. And saying this, bring him to an empty place on a certain hill and show him in a certain expanse a glorious city of great glory: walls and covers and platforms are all shining from pure gold. And he said to him: "This is the city of my father, but let us go and bow down to my father, and if you gave me a scripture, now take it yourself hand it over to my father and you will be honored with great honor from him." And this utterance, the demon gives Savva the scripture marked by God. Ole madness of the lad! Knowing more, as if no kingdom lies close to the Muscovite state, but everything is possessed by the king of Moscow. If only he had then imagined on himself the image of an honest cross, all this dreams of the devil would have perished like a canopy. But let us return to the present.

Whenever they both go to the ghostly city and the gates of the city approaching them, they are met by young men in dark form, robes and belts decorated with gold, and with diligence bowing honor, paying tribute to the son of the king, moreover, the river, the demon, and also bowing to Savva. When they enter the court of the kings, packs of young men are met, shimmering with robes more than the first, bowing to them in the same way. Whenever they enter the tsar’s coats, some of the friends of the young men meet each other with honor and attire superior, giving worthy honor to the son of the tsar and Savva. And the demon entered into the room, saying: “Brother Savvo, wait for me here a little: I’ll tell my father about you and bring you in to him. And this river, went to the inner curtains, leaving Savva alone. And after a little hesitation there, he comes to Savva and therefore brings him in before the face of the prince of darkness.

The same sitting on a high throne, embellished with precious stone and gold, shine with that great glory and attire. Around his throne Savva sees many winged youths standing. The faces of their ovs are blue, ovs are crimson, while others are like pitch black. Savva came before the king of Onago, fell to the ground, bowed to him. Then ask him the king, saying: "Where did you come from, and what is your business?" The insane young man, he brings him his God-marked scripture, saying, like "I have come, great king, serve you." The ancient serpent Satan, receiving the scripture and reading it, surveyed to his dark warriors, saying: "If I receive this child, but we do not know whether I will be strong or not." Calling his son, Savvin, an imaginary brother, saying to him: "Go and eat with your brother." And so they both bowed to the king and went out to the front room, having started dinner. I offer them unspeakable and fragrant poisons, and also drink, as if Savva marveled, saying: "Never in the house of my father eat such poisons or drink." After eating, the demon accepts Savva and after leaving the king's court and leaving the city. Savva asks his brother the demon, saying: "What is the matter, brother, as if I saw winged young men standing around the throne of your father?" The demon, smiling, said to him: “Or don’t weigh, as many tongues serve my father: Indians and Persians and other many? You do not marvel at this and do not hesitate to call me your brother. eliko river ty, be obedient to me in everything. Savva promised everyone to be obedient to him. And taco convinced, having come again to the city of Eagle. And leaving the demon Savva departs. Savva Zha again came to the house of the Bazhenov and was in his former stingy business.

At the same time, Father Savvin Foma Grudtsyn came to Kazan from Persia with many arrivals, and, as if it were absurd, giving the usual kiss to his wife, he asks about his son, whether he is alive. She will tell him, saying, as if “from many I hear about him: after your departure to the Crossing, he went to the Kama Salt, there he still lives an uncomfortable life, all our wealth, as they say, exhausted in drunkenness and fornication. many letters to him about this, so that from there he would return to our house, but he did not give me a single rebuke, but even now he remains there, whether he is alive or not, we do not know about this. Foma, having heard such verbs from his wife, was greatly embarrassed by his mind and soon sat down, writing an epistle to Savva, with many prayers, so that without any delay he would go from there to the city of Kazan, "Yes, I see, speech, child, the beauty of your face." Savva, however, accepts such a scripture and read it, in no matter what, think below to go to your father, but only exercising in insatiable wandering. Seeing Thomas, as if nothing had time to write him, Abie orders to prepare similar plows with tavar, touches the way to the Kama Salt, along the Kama. “I myself, saying, having found, I will take my son into my house.”

The devil, when he has taken him away and like Father Savvin, makes a journey to Salt Kamskaya, although send Savva to Kazan, and Abie says to Savva: “Brother Savvo, how long will we live here in one small city? ". Savva renounced in no way, but saying to him: "Good, brother, you say, let's go, but wait a little: I'll take a few pennies from my wealth on the way." The demon forbids him about this, saying: “Either you didn’t know my father, didn’t you weigh, as if he were eating him everywhere, but when we come, we will have money there, if necessary.” And tako poidosha from the city of Orel, no one knows, below it is Bazhen II himself, below his wife, having led Savvina about the departure.

The demon and Savva, about a single load from the Kamsky Salt, appear on the Volga River in the city called Kuzmodemyansky, which has more than 2000 fields from the Kamskaya Salt, and the demon says to Savva: rtsy: from the Salt of Kamsky in the third week we came to here. Savva, having told him the devil, said so, and stayed in Kuzmodemyansk for several days.

Abie, without fail, will take Savva and in one night from Kuzmodemyansk he will come to the village called Pavlov Perevoz on the Oka River. And the former tamo on the day of the quarter, on the same day in the village there is bargaining. Walking to them at the bargain, having seen Savva, an aged beggar of her husband stood, dressed in vile rags and gazing at Savva diligently and crying very much. Savva, however, departed a little from the demon and flowed to the old man thereof, although he would know his guilt by crying. When he came to the old man and said: “Kay ty, father, there is sadness, as if you were crying so inconsolably?” The beggar, he, the holy elder, says to him: “I cry, I say, child, about the death of your soul: do not weigh more, as if you had ruined your soul and by your will surrendered to the devil. "But this is not a man, a devil, but a demon, walk with you, brings you to the abyss of hell." When the elder said these words to the young man, looking at Savva at his imaginary brother, or rather, decide, at the demon. He is standing from afar and threatening Savva, his teeth gnashing at him. The young man soon, leaving the holy onago elder, came to the demon again. The devil, however, will begin to revile him and say: “Why, for the sake of such an evil murderer, did you communicate? Do you not know this crafty old man, as if he destroys many; seeing the robe on you deliberately and flattering verbs, he sent to you, although separate you from people and strangle it with a boa constrictor and turn your garments off you. Now, if I leave you alone, you will soon perish without me. And this said, with anger, he will take Savva from there and come with him to the city, called Shuya, and stay there for a while.

Foma Grudtsyn-Usov, having come to the city of Orel, asks about his son, and no one can tell him about him. I see everything, as before his arrival, his son in the city is seen by everyone, but when he suddenly disappeared, no one knows. Ovii says, as if "fearing your coming, you exhausted all your wealth from here, and for this reason you hid yourself." Most of all, Bazhen II and his wife wonderingly, the verb, as if “he slept with us about the night, but in the morning he went nowhere, we are waiting for him to dine, but from that hour he did not appear anywhere in our city, but when he hoped, az, neither my wife knows about this. But Thomas, shedding many tears while alive, waiting for his son, and having waited a lot, returned to his house with vain hope. And he announces a joyless incident to his wife, and both together complaining and grieving about the deprivation of their only begotten son. And in such a lamentation, Foma Grudtsyn lived for some time, went to the Lord, leaving his wife as a widow.

Bes and Savva live in the city of Shuya. At the same time, the pious sovereign, Tsar and Grand Duke Mikhail Feodorovich of All Russia wished to send his army against the Polish king near the city of Smolensk, and according to his royal majesty, by decree, recruited recruits of local soldiers throughout Russia. In the city of Shuya, for the sake of the recruitment of soldiers, Timothy Vorontsov, a steward, was sent from Moscow and taught the military article all the days of the newly recruited soldiers. The demon and Savva, coming, watching the teachings. And the demon spoke to Savva: "Brother Savvo, if you want to serve the king, let us also write ourselves as soldiers?" Savva said: "Good, brother, speak, let us serve." And tacos were written in the sallads and started to go to the teaching of walking. The devil, in military teaching, is the wisdom of the gift of Savva, as if he surpasses the old warriors and headmen in teaching. The demon himself, as if serving Savva, goes after him and carries his weapons.

Whenever, from Shuya, the newly recruited soldiers were brought to Moscow and given them to teach to a certain German colonel, the same colonel, when he came to see the newly recruited soldiers in the exercise, and now he sees a young man, in the military teaching, she is very well-behaved and acts orderly and not a little vice in having all the article and many old warriors and headdresses in teaching is superior, and velmi marvel at his wit. Calling him to her, he inquires of his kind. He will tell him the whole truth. The colonel, having loved velmi Savva and calling him his son, gave him a hat from his head, the creature was adorned with precious beads. And the abie gives him three companies of newly recruited soldiers, and instead of him arranges and teaches that Savva. Bess secretly fell to Savva and said to him: “Brother Savvo, when there is a shortage, what kind of military people to pay, tell me: I’ll bring you, as much money will be needed, so that there will be no grumbling and complaints against you in your team.” And so with that Savva all the soldiers are in all peace and quiet, in the other battles there is rumor and rebellion incessantly, as if from famine and nagata they were not granted death. At Savva’s, in every silence and landscaping, the soldiers stay, and everyone marvels at his wit.

On some occasion, clearly learn about him and the king himself. At the same time, the brother-in-law of the tsar, the boyar Semyon Lukyanovich Streshnev, had a lot of power in Moscow. Having seen Savva about Onago, he orders him to bring him before him and say to him: “Do you want, young man, let me take you into my house and honor you a lot?” He bowed to him and said: “There is more, my lord, I have a brother, I will ask him. The boyar, having rebuked him in no way about this, let him go, but ask, speech, his brother. Savva came, telling this to his imaginary brother. The demon, with fury, said to him: “After all, do you want to despise the royal mercy and serve his serf? Whenever the king steals away your faithful service, then you will be exalted in rank from him.

By order of the tsar, all the newly recruited soldiers were distributed to the archery regiments in addition. The same Savva was placed on Ustretenka in Zemlyanoy Gorod, in Zimin order, in the house of a shooter centurion named Iyakov Shilov. The centurion of that one and his wife, pious and pious being, seeing more Savvin's wit, greatly honor him. The regiments in Moscow are in every readiness byahu.

In one day, the demon came to Savva and said to him: "Brother Savvo, let's go before the regiments to Smolensk and see what the Poles are doing and what kind of city they are strengthening and fighting vessels are arranging." And one night from Moscow to Smolensk, they stood and stayed in it for three days and three nights, but they are visible to no one, they all saw and created, how the Poles fortified the city and put all sorts of garmats on the places of attack. On the fourth day, the demon declares himself and Savva in Smolensk a Pole. Whenever the Poles saw them, they rebelled, starting to chase them, wanting to catch them. Bes and Savva, soon escaping from the city, ran to the Dnieper River and abie, the water parted for them and crossed the river on dry land. The Poles shoot at them a lot, and in no way hurt them, wondering, saying, as if "the demons are in the form of a man, having come and been in our city." Savva and the devil came to Moscow and became packs with the same centurion Iyakov Shilov.

Whenever, by decree of the Tsar's Majesty, the regiments went from Moscow to Smolensk, then Savva and his brother went to the regiments. Above all the regiments then the boyar was Feodor Ivanovich Shein. On the way, the demon to Savva said: “Brother Savvo, when we are near Smolensk, then from the Poles from the regiments from the city one giant will leave for a duel and will call the enemy for himself. I say to you, that you will strike him. On the next day, another giant will leave from the Poles for a duel, but you go out of the pack and against it; we know, as if you will strike him. On the third day, the third combatant will leave Smolensk, but you, Fearing nothing, and go against that one, but strike that one too. You yourself will be wounded by him. And I will soon heal your ulcer." And thus admonishing him, having come under the city of Smolensk and standing in a similar place.

According to the demonic verb, a certain warrior was sent out of the city, terribly terrifying, riding horses from the Smolensk regiments and looking for an enemy from the Moscow regiments, but no one dared to oppose him. Savva, declaring to himself in the regiments, saying: "If only I had a good military horse, and I would go to battle against this royal enemy." Friends heard this and soon announced him to the boyar. The boyar ordered Savva to bring before him and ordered him to deliberately give a horse and a weapon, thinking that the imat young man would soon die from such a terrible giant. Savva, according to the verb of his brother's demon, thinking or fearing nothing, goes out against the Polish hero onago and soon defeat him, and leads him with a horse to the regiments of Moscow, and we praise him from everyone. The demon rides on it, serving him and carrying his weapons behind him. On the second day, a glorious certain warrior leaves Smolensk, looking for himself from the army of the Moscow enemy, and the same Savva leaves against him, and soon strikes him. I marvel at his bravery. The boyar was angry with Savva, but hid the anger in his heart. On the third day, a certain glorious warrior more than the first leaves the city of Smolensk, also looking for and calling the enemy for himself. Savva, even if he is afraid to go against such a terrible warrior, both, according to the demonic word, immediately leaves against him. But Abie Pole with that fury let loose and wound Savva with a spear in the left stehno. Savva, correct yourself, attacks the Pole Onago, kills him and drags him into the barn with a horse, but the pitch is not a big gap, yet the Russian army will be surprised. Then, starting out of the city of vylaska, come out and the army with the army came together in a dump fight. Yes, if Savva goes with his brother from whom the warriors winged, there the Poles will irrevocably run away from them, the rear is showing, countless more Poles are beating, but they themselves harm the byakh from no one.

Hearing the boyar about the courage of the young man onago and no longer able to hide secret anger in his heart, Abie calls Savva to the tent and says to him: “Tell me, young man, what kind of family are you and whose son is?” He told him the truth, as if from Kazan Foma Grudtsyn-Usov's son. The boyar began to revile him with all sorts of ridiculous words and say: “What need do you have in such a mortal case of a call? "But I say to you: do not delay, go to the house of your parents and stay there in prosperity with your parents. If you disobey me and hear about you, as if you were here, then without any mercy, imashi perish here: I will command your head soon take away from you." This same boyar to the young man spoke. and with fury otide from him. The young man departs from him with much sorrow.

To those who departed from the tent, the demon spoke to Savva: “Why are you so worried about this? And so soon he departed from Smolensk to Moscow and settled down to dwell in the house of the same centurion. The demon is with Savva during the day, but by night you depart from him to your hellish dwellings, where from time immemorial it has been the custom for the accursed to stay.

Not a little time has passed, when Savva fell ill and his illness was very serious, as if he were close to death. The wife of the centurion of Onago, a prudent being, fearing God, has all the care and diligence about Savva and has spoken to him many times, so that he commanded to call a priest and confess his sins and partake of the holy mysteries, "yes, there is no way, - speech, - in such a heavy sorrow suddenly without repentance will die." Savva, denying this, as if "if, - the speech, and I am in severe pain, but this disease of mine is not to be carried to death." And day by day his illness was aggravating. The wife of this is relentlessly pressing Savva, but she will repent, for "you don't want to die from that." And as soon as Savva was forced by her God-loving wife, he orders to call a priest to him. She soon sends her wife to the church of St. Nicholas in Grachi, and orders to call the priest of that church. Priest, not a little slowing down, flow to the sick. Bebo the priest of that year was perfect, a man skilled and God-fearing. Having come, they begin to say prayers of repentance, as usual. And when all the people who have left the temple, the priest begins to confess the sick, and suddenly he sees the sick in the temple of that crowd of great demons who entered. But his imaginary brother, more than talking - a demon, came with them no longer in a human form, but in his essential bestial form and, having become the creator of this demonic crowd, rage at Savva and gnash his teeth, showing him the God-marked letter, even Savva gave him at Salt Kamsky. And the devil said to the sick man: "Do you see, perjurer, what is this? Didn't you write this? This, and many other things, are unlike the demon that speaks, but the sick are obviously in vain and terrified of them, hoping for the power of God, and to the end I will confess everything in detail to the priest on it. The priest of that, if the husband is holy, both fearing the fear of onago, for the people there is no one in the temple except for a sick person, but he hears a great deal from the demonic power of it. And with the need of a great confession of the sick, depart to your house, telling this to no one.

According to her confession, the unclean spirit attacked Savva and began to mercilessly torment him, ovo against the wall of the beating, ovo about the platform of his bed, marking it with snoring and foam, and tormenting him with all sorts of various languishing. The God-loving husband of the aforementioned centurion and his well-behaved wife, seeing such a sudden attack from the devil and unbearable torment on the young man, greatly pitying and groaning his hearts for the young man, but no help is powerful for him. The devil, from the bottom of the day, attacking the sick fiercely, tormenting him, and all those who are coming from his torment find a lot of horror. The lord of the house, as if he had seen such an unusual thing on the young man, moreover, knowing that the young man was leading that courage to the king himself for the sake of his own, and thinking about his wife, and how to announce this to the king himself. Be same and a relative of a certain byashe they have in the royal house. And this thought, he immediately sends his wife to one of her relatives, commanding her to tell her everything in detail and in order to immediately announce this to the kings, yes, “no, it’s said, the young man will die in such an evil case, and they will torture from the king for not notifying ".

His wife, not a little hesitating, soon flow to her relative and all the things she was led from her husband according to a series of tales. A relative of this, as if hearing such verbs, was touched by her soul, having been ill for the young man, moreover, she grieves for her relatives, but they really will receive misfortune from such a case. And not a little hesitating, soon flow from your house to the robes of the king and announce this to your neighbor with the king's sigklit. And not in the last hour, he is inspired by the king himself about this.

The king, as if hearing about such a young man, pours out his mercy on him, speaking with a sigklit coming before him, but there is always a daily change of guard, orders to send a centurion onago to the house, where the demonic young man lies, two guards each, and oversees, speech , it’s dangerous for an onago young man, but somehow, having become mad from onago’s demonic torment, he will plunge into fire or into water. The pious king himself sent everyday food to the sick person and, as soon as the sick person appears healthier, he orders to tell himself. And this is what I used to be, but the sick person stays in such demonic languor for a long time.

It was the month of July on the 1st day that the young man was unusually tormented by the demon. Abie, having slept little and in a dream, supposedly in reality, they begin to speak, pouring out tears from their adjacent eyes, this speech:

“Oh, all-merciful Lady Queen and Mother of God, have mercy, mistress, have mercy, I won’t lie for everything, queen, I won’t lie, but I will fulfill, as much as I promised.” The home and the warriors supplying him, such from the sick verbs hearing, surprised, saying, as if he sees some kind of vision.

When the sick from sleep awakened, the centurion approached him and said:

"Tell me, Mr. Savvo, what are these verbs with tears in a dream, and to whom did you speak?" He, however, begins to wash his face with tears, saying: “I saw, - speech, - a wife come to my bed, bright and indescribable lordship shining, wearing a crimson robe, with her two husbands of a certain, adorned with gray hairs. And I don’t remember another, but I remember my wife to be the Most Holy Theotokos, the husbands of the only breastplate of the Lord, the Apostle John the Theologian, the second vigilant guardian of our city of Moscow, the most glorious Hierarch of God Peter the Metropolitan, their likeness and image I know well And she spoke to me, bright wife:

"What are you, Savvo, and why do you grieve for the sake of tacos?" Az reh her:

“I grieve, mistress, as if I had angered your son and my God and you, the intercessor of the Christian race, and for this lute the demon torments me.” She, grinning, said to me: "What else do you think, how can you get rid of this sorrow and how can you rescue your handwriting from hell?" Az reh her: “I can’t. Mistress, I can’t, if not with the help of your son and your all-powerful mercy.” She said to me: “I’ll beg my son and God for you, only fulfill one word of mine: if I deliver you from this misfortune, would a monk want to be?” But I said prayer verbs with tears to her in a dream, even you hear. She also said again: “Savvo, when the feast of the appearance of my image is in time, even in Kazan, you come to my temple even on the square near the Vetoshnago Row, and I will show a miracle on you in front of all the people.” And this speech is invisible to me."

Hearing this, the centurion and sent soldiers from Savva, uttered, velmi pochudishasya. And the centurion and his wife began to think about how to announce this vision to the king himself. And intending to send to your kinswoman, so that she would announce this vision of the king's coats of sigklit, from them it would be inspired to the king himself. And her kinsman came to the centurion's house. They told her the vision of a sick young man. She, having heard and abie, departs immediately to the royal floor and announces with a nearby sigklit. They immediately inspire the king about the former vision of Savvin. And when the king heard, tell him to look. And start to expect the feast of onago. And when the time of July of the osmago number arrived, it was the feast of the Kazan Mother of God. Abie orders the king to bring the ailing Savva to the church. Be on that day, the walking of the cross from the cathedral apostolic church of the Assumption of the Most Holy Theotokos. In the same course was the royal majesty himself. And when the divine litorgy was begun, it was brought to the former and sick Savva and laid outside the church on the carpet.

Whenever you start to sing the Cherubic Hymn, and all of a sudden there was a voice from heaven, as if we were thundering loudly: “Savvo, get up! And abie falling down from the top of the church, it is Savvin's divine writing, everything is smoothed over, as if it had never been written, in front of all the people. The king, seeing this miracle, marveled greatly. The sick Savva, jumping off the carpet, as if he had never been sick, and soon flowed into the church, fall before the image of the Most Holy Theotokos, beginning with tears to say: “Oh, blessed mother of the Lord, Christian intercessor and prayer service for our souls to her son and God: deliver me from the abyss of hell, and I will soon fulfill my promise." Having heard this, the great sovereign, the tsar and the great prince Mikhail Feodorovich of all Russia, commanded to call Savva onago to him and questioning him about the former vision. He told everything in a row and showed his scripture. The tsar marveled zealously at God's mercy and unspeakable miracles.

Whenever, having finished the divine liturgy, Savva went to the house of the centurion Iyakov Shilov, as if he had never been sick. The centurion of the same and his wife, seeing the mercy of God over him, giving thanks to God and his most holy Mother of God.

Then Savva, having given away all his property, to the poor, who had it, he himself went to the monastery of Chuda Archangel Michael, where the relics of the holy hierarch of God Alexei Metropolitan lie, also called the Chudov Monastery. And having taken the monastic rank and began that life in fasting and in prayers, constantly praying to the Lord about his sin. In the monastery, the life of the summer is satisfied with it, go to the Lord in eternal rest, where the saints abide. Be the Almighty God, glory and power forever and ever, amen. The end and glory to God.

Transcription into modern language

He had an only son Savva, sixteen years old. Foma himself often traveled down the Volga on trade business - either to Solikamsk, or to other places, or even beyond the Caspian Sea to the Persian state. He also taught Savva to such an occupation, so that he would diligently study this matter and after the death of his father would become his heir in everything.

Once, Thomas decided to go on his business to Persia. He loaded the goods onto ships, and having equipped ships for him, he ordered his son to sail to Solikamsk and open trade there with the necessary prudence. Kissed his wife and son also set off. And a few days later his son, on the ships equipped for him, at the behest of his father, went to Solikamsk.

Savva swam to the city of Orel, Usolsky district, landed on the shore and stopped, as his father punished him, in a hotel owned by a famous person. The owner of the hotel and his wife remembered the love for them and the good deeds of his father, so they tried to surround Savva with care and took care of him like their own son. And he spent a lot of time in that hotel. And in Orel lived a tradesman, whose name was Bazhen 2nd. He was already in years, known to many for his well-behaved life, rich and was a close friend of Foma Grudtsyn. When he found out that Foma's son had come from Kazan to his city, he thought: "His father was always a close friend to me, but I didn’t seem to notice my son and didn’t invite him to my place. Let him stay with me and stay for a while."

So he thought, and then somehow met Savva on the way and began to ask him:

Dear Savva! Don't you know that your father and I were friends - why didn't you visit me and stay at my house? At least now, do me a favor: come live with me, we will share a meal together at the same table. For the love of your father for me, I will accept you as a son!

Hearing these words, Savva was very glad that such a nice person wanted to receive him, and gave him a deep bow. Immediately he went from the hotel to Bazhen and began to live with him in complete prosperity and joy. Bazhen - himself an old man - recently married for the third time to a young wife. And the devil, this hater of the human race, knowing about the virtuous life of her husband, planned to stir up his whole house. And he seduced his wife to start inciting the young man to fornication. She constantly pushed him to fall with her conversations (it is known, after all, how women can trap young people!), And Savva, by the power of her youth (or rather, by the power of envy of the devil), was lured into the network of fornication: he made criminal love with her and in such a bad state He remained constantly, not remembering either Sundays or feasts, forgetting the fear of God and the hour of death. As a pig rolls in the mud, so he was in fornication for a long time.

And Bazhen's wife became more and more inflamed and continued to force Savva. Either she caressed him, then threatened with some kind of punishment - she tried for a long time, but she could not persuade him to what she wanted - Divine power helped Savva. The malevolent woman saw that she was unable to subdue the young man to her will, immediately ignited rage towards him, hissed like a snake. and moved away from his bed. Now she decided to drug him with a potion in order to still carry out her intention. And as she thought, so she did.

When they began to call for matins, the philanthropic Bazhen got up, woke Savva, and they went to the doxology of God, which they listened to with the attention and fear of God. Then they returned home. When the time for the Divine Liturgy approached, they again joyfully went to the Holy Church to glorify God.

Meanwhile, the cursed wife of Bazhen, meanwhile, carefully prepared a potion for the young man and began to wait for the moment to, like a snake, spew her poison on him. After the liturgy, Bazhen and Savva left the church and prepared to go home. But the governor of that city invited Bazhen to dine with him. Seeing Savva, he asked:

Whose son is this and where is he from?

Savva said that he was from Kazan and that he was the son of Foma Grudtsyn. The governor, knowing his father well, invited Savva to come to his house. At the voivode's, as is customary, they dined together and happily returned home.

Bazhen ordered to bring some wine in honor of the Lord's feast, unaware of his wife's black plan. She, like a ferocious viper, hid her malice in her heart and began to court the young man with flattery. She poured the delivered wine and brought it to her husband. He drank, thanking God. Then she drank herself. And then she poured a specially prepared poison and brought it to Savva. He was not afraid of her intrigues - he thought that she did not hold a grudge against him - and drank without thinking. Here it was as if a fire was lit in his heart, and he thought: "Whatever I drank in my native house, but I haven't tried such a thing as here now." And when he drank, he began to lament his heart for the hostess. She, like a lioness, meekly looked at him and began to talk to him affably. And then she slandered Savva in front of her husband, spoke absurdities about him and demanded to drive him out of the house. God-fearing Bazhen, although he felt sorry for the young man, succumbed to female deceit and ordered Savva to leave the house. And Savva left them, lamenting and sighing for that malevolent woman.

Again he returned to the hotel where he had stayed at the beginning. The owner of the hotel asked why he left Bazhen. Savva replied that he did not want to live with him. He continued to lament over Bazhen's wife, and from his heartfelt sorrow he changed his face and lost weight. The owner of the inn saw that the young man was in great sorrow, but could not understand why, meanwhile, a healer lived in the city, who could by witchcraft methods find out what misfortunes to whom and because of what happen, and that person will live or will die. The hosts took care of the young man as best they could, and therefore they called that magician in secret from everyone and asked him what kind of sadness Savva had? He looked into his magic books and said that Savva did not have any grief of his own, but he lamented over the wife of Bazhen the 2nd, since he had previously been in touch with her, and now he was separated from her; he is crushed by it. Hearing this, the owner of the hotel and his wife did not believe, because Bazhen was pious and God-fearing, and did not do anything. And Savva continued to incessantly lament for the damned wife of Bazhen, and from this he completely withered his body.

My brother Savva, why are you avoiding me as if I were a stranger? I've been waiting for you for a long time, so that you come to me and become my friend, as befits relatives. I have known you for a long time: you are Grutsyn-Usov from Kazan, and I, if you wish to know, are also Grutsyn-Usov, from Veliky Ustyug. I have been here for a long time, trading horses. We are brothers by birth, and now you do not move away from me, and I will help you in everything.

Hearing such words from an imaginary "relative" - a demon, Savva was delighted that he could find his own on a distant foreign side. They kissed lovingly and walked on together, still alone. Bes asked Savva:

Savva, my brother, what kind of grief do you have and why did youthful beauty fall from your face?

Savva, cunning in every word, told him about his grief. Bes grinned.

What are you hiding from me? I know about your sorrows. What will you give me if I help you?

Savva said:

If you know what makes me sad, then show it so that I believe that you can help me.

You grieve with your heart for the wife of Bazhen the 2nd because of separation from her!

Savva exclaimed:

How much goods and money my father has here - I give you everything together with the profit, just make sure that we are still together with her!

Why are you tempting me?! I know your father is rich. But don't you know that my father is seven times richer? And why do I need your goods? You better give me one receipt now, and I will fulfill your desire.

The young man is glad of this, thinking to himself: “I will only give him a receipt for what he says, and his father’s wealth will remain intact,” and he didn’t understand what an abyss he was throwing himself into! (Yes, and he still didn’t quite know how to write - that’s madness! How he was caught by female deceit and what death he prepared to go down because of passion!) And when the demon said his words, he happily promised to give a receipt. The imaginary "relative" - the demon quickly took out an inkwell and paper from his pocket, gave them to Savva and ordered him to quickly write a receipt.

Savva still did not know how to write very well, and because the demon spoke, he wrote it down without thinking, but the result was words in which he renounced Christ, the True God, and betrayed himself into the service of the devil. Having written this apostate letter, he gave it to the demon, and both went to Orel. Savva asked the demon:

Tell me, my brother, where you live, so that I may know your home.

And the demon laughed:

I don’t have a special house, and where I have to, I spend the night there. And if you want to see me, then always look for me on the horse platform. I live here because I sell horses. But I myself will not be too lazy to come to you. And now go to Bazhen's shop, I'm sure that he will gladly invite you to live in his house.

Savva, rejoicing at such words of his "brother", directed his steps to Bazhen's shop. He saw him and began to insistently invite him to his place.

Mr. Grudtsyn, what evil have I done to you, and why did you leave my house? I beg you - come back - I will be glad to you, as to my own son.

Hearing this from Bazhen, Savva was incredibly happy and quickly moved into his house. Bazhen's wife, instigated by the devil, joyfully met him, greeted him affectionately and kissed him. The young man was caught by female deceit, or rather the devil, and again fell into the net of fornication, again began to wallow with the damned woman, not remembering the holidays or the fear of God.

After a long time, a rumor reached the glorious city of Kazan, Savva's mother, that her son was living indecently, and that he had spent a lot of his father's goods on drunkenness and debauchery. Hearing this, his mother was very upset and wrote a letter to her son. And he, having read it, only laughed, did not take it seriously and continued to exercise in his passion.

Once the demon called Savva, and they both went out of town. And on the field outside the city, the demon asked Savva:

Do you know who I am? You think I'm Grudtsyn, but I'm not. Now I will tell the whole truth for your love for me. Just don’t be embarrassed and don’t be ashamed to call me your brother: after all, just like a brother, I fell in love with you. But if you want to know who I am, then know - the king's son! Come, I will show you the glory and power of my father.

Having said this, he led Savva to some bare hill and showed him the marvelous city that could be seen in the distance; the walls, pavements and roofs in it were of pure gold and shone unbearably! And the demon said to him:

That city is the creation of my father. Let's go and worship him together. And now take the paper that you gave me and give it to your father, and he will honor you with a high honor! - and the demon gives Savva an apostate receipt.

O foolish youth! After all, he knew that there was no kingdom within the boundaries of the Muscovite state and that all the surroundings were subordinate to the Moscow Tsar. And then he would have depicted on himself the image of an honest cross - and all the diabolical visions would have melted away like smoke. But back to history. They came to the city they had dreamed of and approached the gates. They are met by dark young men in clothes decorated with gold, bowing low, paying homage to the "king's son", and Savva along with him.

They entered the palace, and again they were met by young men in brilliant clothes and bowed in the same way. And when they entered the royal apartments, the young men again met them there and paid tribute to the “prince” and Savva. They entered the hall, and Savva heard:

My brother Savva! Wait here for me: I will inform my father about you and introduce you to him. And when you appear before him, then do not get lost and do not be frightened, but give him your letter, - the “brother” went into the inner room, leaving Savva alone.

There he lingered for a short while, then returned and brought Savva before the face of the prince of darkness. He sat on a high throne adorned with gold and jewels; he was dressed in brilliant clothes. Savva saw many winged youths around the throne - some had blue faces, others pitch black. Approaching the king, Savva fell to his knees and bowed. The king asked him:

Where did you come from, and what do you have to do with me?

And our madman brings him his apostate letter with the words:

The great king has come to serve you!

Satan, that old serpent, took the paper, read it, and asked his black warriors:

I would like to take this fellow to me, I just don’t know if he will be a faithful servant to me? - and then he called his son and Savva's "brother". - Go now, dine with your brother.

After bowing to the king, they both went into the front room and began to dine there. Indescribable and most tender dishes were brought to them; Savva was surprised to himself: "I didn’t even taste this in my own home!" After dinner, the demon left the palace with Savva, and they left the city. Savva asked:

And what kind of winged youths were standing near your father?

He smiled and replied:

Don't you know that many nations serve my father?! And the Persians, and others, and you should not be surprised at that. And feel free to call me brother. Let me be a younger brother for you, only you obey me in everything, and I, in turn, will provide you with any help.

And Savva promised to obey him. So having agreed on everything, they came to Orel, where the demon leaves Savva. And Savva again went to the house of Bazhen, where he took up his former unholy business.

By that time, Foma Grudtsyn returned with a big profit to Kazan from Persia. Having kissed, as expected, with his wife, he asked about his son, was he alive? The wife told him:

I heard from many that after your departure he went to Solikamsk, and from there to Orel, and there he lives to this day, indecently, and, as they say, he spent all our wealth on drunkenness and debauchery. I wrote to him many times, asking him to return home - he did not send a single answer and still stays there. Whether he's alive or not, I don't know.

Hearing this, Thomas was greatly alarmed. He immediately sat down and wrote a letter to Savva with a request to immediately return to Kazan: "May I see, child, the beauty of your face." Savva received this letter, read it, but did not even think of going to his father, but continued to exercise his passion. Foma saw that his letter had no effect, ordered to prepare ships with the necessary goods and set off on their journey, intending to call in Orel, and there he himself would find his son and return him home.

The demon learned that Savva's father was going to the city to take his son with him, and suggested to Savva:

How long are we here, all in one small town, going to live? Let's visit other cities, then we'll come back here again.

Savva did not refuse this offer, he only said:

Well, brother, you're thinking, let's go. Just wait: I'll take the money for the journey.

Bes was outraged:

Have you not seen how much wealth my father has? Wherever we go, there will be as much money for us as we wish!

And they secretly from everyone, even from Bazhen and his wife, left Orel. in one night they traveled 840 miles and showed up on the Volga in Kozmodemyansk.

Bes punished Savva:

If someone you know asks you: "Where are you from?" - say: "I left the Eagle three weeks ago."

Savva said so. They stayed in Kozmodemyansk for several days, after which the demon again took Savva with him, and in one night they found themselves on the Oka in the village of Pavlov Perevoz. They arrived there on a Thursday, and on Thursdays there was a big bargain. They began to walk among the merchants, and then Savva saw an old beggar in an unsightly rag. The beggar looked straight at Savva and wept. Savva moved a little away from the demon and approached that old man, intending to find out the reason for his tears.

Why are you, father, crying so inconsolably?

I cry, child, for your lost soul, - answered the beggar. “You don’t even know that you ruined her and gave yourself to the devil!” Do you know with whom you go and whom you call brother? That is not a man, but the devil, and he leads you into the abyss of hell!

When he said so, Savva turned to his “brother” and saw that he was standing at a distance, threatening him and gnashing his teeth. Savva quickly left the elder and returned to the demon. And the devil began to vilify him for what the light is worth:

What are you talking about with murderers? Don't you know that this old man has already killed many? He saw good clothes on you and flattered himself in order to take you away from people, strangle and undress. If I leave you, you will be lost without me, - and with these words he led Savva from those places to the city of Shuysk.

They lived there for a long time.

Foma Grudtsyn-Usov, meanwhile, arrived in Orel and began to ask about his son. But no one could say anything about him: everyone saw him in the city before the arrival of Thomas, and where he disappeared now, no one knew. It was even rumored that he was afraid of his father, having squandered his wealth, and therefore decided to hide. And most of all, Bazhen II and his wife were surprised.

Yes, he still slept with us that night, but in the morning he left somewhere. We were waiting for him for dinner, but he did not appear in the city anymore, and we don’t know where he went.

And Thomas waited a long time for his son, shedding tears. But having lost hope, he returned home and told his wife about everything. Both began to mourn and mourn for their son. In this state, Foma Grudtsyn lived for some time, went to the Lord, and his wife remained a widow.

And the demon and Savva lived in Shuisk. At that time, the pious Sovereign Tsar and Grand Duke of all Russia, Mikhail Fedorovich, decided to send troops near Smolensk against the Polish king. By royal decree, recruits began to be recruited throughout Russia; stolnik Timofey Vorontsov was sent from Moscow to Shuysk to recruit soldiers, who organized the training of the military article. The demon and Savva came to watch the teachings. And the devil says:

Do you want to serve the king? Let's become soldiers with you!

Savva says:

Well, brother, you suggested. Let's serve.

So they became soldiers and began to go to classes together. Bes Savva gave such learning abilities that he surpassed both experienced warriors and commanders. And the demon, under the guise of a servant, followed Savva and carried his weapons. From Shuysk, the recruits were transferred to Moscow and given for training under the command of a German colonel. That colonel once came to see the soldiers in training. And then he saw a young man - an excellent student in his studies, perfectly performing all the exercises without a single defect in the article, which neither the old soldiers nor the commanders could do. The colonel was surprised, called Savva to him and asked him who he was. Savva answered him, everything as it is. The colonel liked him so much that he called him his son, gave him a beaded hat from his head, and gave him three companies of recruits to command. Now Savva himself conducted the training instead of him.

And the demon says to him:

Brother Savva, if you have nothing to pay the soldiers, then tell me, and I will get you as much money as you need so that there is no grumbling in your unit.

And since then, at Savva, all the soldiers were calm; and in other companies - constant unrest and rebellion, because there the soldiers sat without pay and died of hunger and cold. Everyone was surprised how skillful Savva was. Soon the king himself became aware of him.

At that time, the royal brother-in-law boyar Semyon Lukyanovich Streshnev was an influential person in Moscow. So he found out about our Savva and ordered to call him. When he arrived, he said to him:

Do you want, good young man, I will take you to my house and with no small honor?

Savva bowed to him and answered:

Vladyka, I have a brother, and I want to ask him, and if he agrees, then I will gladly go to serve you.

The boyar did not object, but let Savva consult with his brother. Savva came to the "brother" and told him what had happened.

He got angry:

Why do you want to neglect the royal mercy and go from the king himself to serve his subject? You are now yourself, like that boyar: the sovereign himself knows about you! No, do not go, but we will serve the king. When the king sees your faithful service, he will raise you in rank!

By order of the king, all the recruits were then distributed among the archery regiments. Savva ended up in Zemlyanoy Gorod on Sretenka in the winter house of the archery captain Yakov Shilov. The captain and his wife were pious and good-natured people; they saw Savvin's skill and respected him. The regiments stood around Moscow in full readiness for the campaign.

Once a demon came to Savva and offered:

Brother, let's go forward with you troops to Smolensk and see what is being done there, how they fortify the city, and what weapons they have.

And in one night they arrived from Moscow to Smolensk and lived in it for three days, no one noticed. There they watched how the Poles erect fortifications and how they put artillery on weakly fortified areas. On the fourth day, the demon showed himself and Savva to the Poles. When they saw them, they screamed and ran after them. And the demon and Savva ran out of the city and ran to the Dnieper. The water parted before them, and they crossed to the other side on dry land. The Poles began to shoot at them, but they could not do any harm. After that, the Poles began to say that two demons appeared in the city in human form. And Savva with the demon returned to Moscow again to the same Yakov Shilov.

When, by order of the tsar, the troops marched from Moscow to Smolensk, Savva and his “brother” also marched with them. The boyar Fedor Ivanovich Shein commanded the army. On the road, the demon says:

Brother, when we arrive at Smolensk, a hero will leave the city from the Poles for a duel and begin to call out the enemy. Don't be afraid, but stand up to him. I know everything and I tell you: you will amaze him. The next day another will come out - and you will again go out against him. I know for sure that you will amaze him too. On the third day, the third Pole will leave Smolensk. But do not be afraid of anything - and you will defeat him, although you yourself will be wounded; but I will heal your wound soon.

So he told Savva everything, and soon they came near Smolensk and settled down in a suitable place.

In confirmation of the demonic words, a warrior came out of the city, very frightening in appearance, and began to gallop back and forth on a horse and look for an enemy from the ranks of the Russians. But no one dared to go against him. Then Savva announced to everyone:

If I had a warhorse, I would go out to fight this sovereign enemy.

His friends, hearing this, reported to the commander. The boyar ordered Savva to be brought to him, and then ordered to give him especially a horse and weapons, thinking that the young man would die from that terrible giant. And Savva remembered the words of his "brother" - the demon, and without hesitation rode against the Polish hero, struck him and brought his body along with the horse to the Russian camp, earning praise from everyone. Bes at that time went after him as a servant-armourer.

On the second day, a terrible giant leaves Smolensk again. The same Savva went against him. And he struck him. Everyone was surprised at his courage, and the boyar was angry, but concealed his anger.

On the third day, a warrior leaves Smolensk even more prominent than before and is also looking for an enemy. Savva, although he was afraid to leave against such a monster, but, remembering the demonic commandment, nevertheless left immediately. And here is a Pole on horseback against him. He flew furiously and pierced Savva's left thigh. And Savva prevailed over himself, attacked the Pole, killed him and brought him with a horse to the Russian camp. By doing so, he brought considerable shame on the besieged, and pretty much surprised the entire Russian army.

Then an army began to leave the city, and army against army converged and began to fight. And wherever Savva and his “brother” appeared, the Poles fled there, opening the rear. Together they beat countless numbers, and they themselves remained unharmed.

Hearing about the courage of the young man, the boyar could no longer hide his anger, called Savva into his tent and asked:

Tell me, young man, where are you from and whose son are you?

He answered the truth that he himself was from Kazan, the son of Foma Grudtsyn-Usov. Then the boyar began to vilify him with his last words:

What need has brought you to such hell? I know your father and your relatives, they are rich people, but who persecuted you? Or did poverty make you leave your parents and come here? I tell you: immediately go home to your parents and prosper there. And if you don’t listen to me, I’ll find out that you are still here - you will die without mercy: I will order you to cut off your head! - he said this with fury and moved away from Savva.

The young man went away in great sorrow. When he moved away from the tent, the demon said to him:

What is so sad? Our service here is not pleasing - let's go to Moscow and live there.

Without delay, they went from Smolensk to Moscow and stopped at the same captain. During the day, the demon was with Savva, and by night he went to his hellish dwellings, where he, the damned, is supposed to stay. Time has passed. Suddenly, Savva suddenly fell ill and very hard, stepping to the brink of death. The captain's wife, a prudent and God-fearing woman, took care of him as best she could. Many times she suggested that he call a priest, confess his sins and partake of the Holy Mysteries.

What if, - she said, - you will die suddenly and without repentance from such a serious illness!

Savva disagreed:

Although the disease is severe, it is not to death.

But day by day, the disease intensified. The mistress relentlessly demanded repentance so that he would not die without it. Finally, at the insistence of a God-loving woman, he agreed to confession. She sent to the temple of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker for a priest, who came without delay. The priest was already in years, God-fearing and experienced. Arriving, he, as expected, began to read the prayer of repentance. When everyone left the room, he began to confess the patient. And then the patient suddenly saw that a whole crowd of demons had entered the room. And with them - an imaginary brother, only not in human form, but in his truly, bestial form.

He stood behind the demonic crowd and, gnashing his teeth and shaking with anger, began to show Savva his apostate receipt with the words: “Oathbreaker! See what it is? And I will attack you with all my might!" - and stuff like that. The patient saw them, as if in reality, was horrified and, in the hope of the power of God, told the priest everything in detail. He, although he was strong in spirit, was also frightened: there were no people in the room except the patient, and the voices of demons were heard clearly. With great difficulty he forced himself to complete the confession and went home without telling anyone. After confession, the demon attacked Savva and began torturing him: either he would hit the wall, then the floor, or he would choke him so that foam came out of his mouth. It was painful for the well-behaved owners to see such suffering, they pitied the young man, but could not help in any way.

From day to day, the demon became more and more fierce, attacked Savva more and more, and it was terrible to see his torment. Seeing such an unusual thing and not even knowing that the patient was known to the king himself for his courage, the owners decided to bring everything to the knowledge of the king. And they, by the way, and a relative lived at the court. And now the owner sends his wife to her with a request to tell the sovereign about this incident as soon as possible.

What if the young man dies, - he said, - and they will ask me for keeping silent!

The wife quickly got ready, went to a relative and told everything that her husband commanded. She was imbued with compassion, because she was very worried about the young man, and even more about her relatives, as if, indeed, some kind of misfortune had happened to them. Therefore, she did not hesitate, but went to the royal chambers and told about everything to the trusted servants of the king. Soon the king himself found out about everything. Hearing such a story, the sovereign extended his mercy over the sick and ordered the servants who were with him that during the daily changing of the guard, two guards were sent to the house of that archery captain every time to watch the sick.

Protect that young man, otherwise he, going mad from torment, will throw himself into fire or water ...

The pious king himself sent food to the sick man every day and ordered that as soon as he recovered, he would be informed. And for a long time our patient was in the hands of demonic forces.

On July 1, Savva was unusually tormented by the demon, fell asleep for a short time and in a dream, as if in reality, he said, shedding tears from his closed eyes:

O All-Merciful Lady Queen, have mercy - I will not lie, I do not promise to fulfill everything that you order!

The sentries, hearing this, were surprised and realized that he had a vision. And when the patient woke up, the captain approached him:

Mr. Grudtsyn, tell me, who did you talk to in your dream with tears in your eyes?

Savva again flooded his face with tears.

I saw, - he said, - how a woman in purple robes, shining with an inexpressible light, approached my couch. With her are two men, adorned with gray hair; one in bishop's vestments, the other in apostolic clothes. And I can’t think otherwise than that the woman was the Most Pure Mother of God, one of her companions was the confidante of the Lord John the Theologian, the other was Metropolitan Peter, glorified among the hierarchs of the unsleeping city of our Moscow. I saw their images. And the luminous Queen says: "What is the matter with you, Savva, and why do you suffer so much?" And I answer her: “I suffer, Mistress, because I angered Your Son and my God and You, the Intercessor of the Christian race. For this, the demon torments me.” She asks: "How can we avoid this scourge? How can we get a letter out of hell? What do you think?" I say: "No way. Only with the help of Your Son and Your all-powerful mercy!" She says: "I will ask my Son and your God, only you fulfill one vow, and I will deliver you from your misfortune. Do you want to become a monk?" With tears in my eyes, I began to pray to Her in a dream with the words that you heard. She said: “Listen, Savva, when the feast of the Apparition of My Kazan Icon starts, you come to my temple, which is on the square near the Rag Rows, and I will perform a miracle on you in front of all the people!” Saying this, She became invisible.

This story was heard by the captain and the soldiers assigned to Savva. They marveled at this miracle. The captain and his wife began to think about how to inform the king about what had happened. Finally, they decided to send that relative again so that she would tell those close, and those close to the sovereign himself. A relative came to the captain; the owners gave her a vision of a young man. She immediately went to the palace and announced to those close to her. They immediately reported to the king. The king was greatly surprised and began to wait for the appointed holiday.

And on July 8, the feast of the Kazan Mother of God came. Then the king ordered the sick Savva to bring to the church. On that day, there was a procession at the cathedral church of the Most Holy Theotokos ... The tsar himself was also present. When the Divine Liturgy began, Savva was laid on a carpet outside the church. And when they sang the "Cherubim", a voice resounded like thunder:

Savva! Get up, what are you doing?! Go to church and be well. And sin no more! - and an apostate receipt fell from above and was washed away, as if it had not been written at all.

The king, seeing such a miracle, was surprised. Sick Savva jumped up from the carpet, as if he had not been sick, entered the church, fell before the image of the Most Holy Theotokos and began to ask with tears:

O Blessed Mother of the Lord, Christian Intercessor and Prayer for our souls to His Son and God! Deliver me from the abyss of hell! I will fulfill my promise soon.

This was heard by the great sovereign Tsar and Grand Duke of all Russia Mikhail Fedorovich and ordered Savva to be brought to him. When Savva arrived, the king asked him about the vision. He told him everything in detail and showed the same receipt. The king marveled at the mercy of God and the miracle that had happened. After the Divine Liturgy, Savva went again to the house of the archery captain Yakov Shilov ... The captain and his wife, seeing such mercy of God, thanked God and His Most Pure Mother.

Then Savva distributed all his property to the poor, as much as he had, and he himself went to the Monastery of the Miracle of the Archangel Michael, in which the relics of the Holy Hierarch of God, Metropolitan Alexei lie (this monastery is called Miracles). There he became a monk and began to live in fasting and prayer, constantly praying to the Lord about his sin. He lived in the monastery for many years and went to the Lord in holy monasteries.

Glory to the Almighty God and His power forever and ever! Amen.

Notes

1

Veliky Ustyug - a city in the Vologda land on the Sukhona River, was first mentioned in the annals under 1207.

(back)

2

Abie - fast.

(back)

3

Muxaul Fedorovich - the first tsar of the Romanov family, was elected to the throne in 1613, died in 1645.

(back)

4

Twelve years old - twelve years old.

(back)

5

Ovogda - sometimes.

(back)

6

Khvalynskoye - Caspian Sea.

(back)

7

Shahov region - Persia.

(back)

8

Arranged - equipped.

(back)

9

Orel - a city on the Kama River, near the Kama Salt

(back)

10

The hotelier is the owner of the hotel.

(back)

11

Uvedev - found out.

(back)

12

Or don't weigh - don't you know.

(back)

13

More than reshchi - it's better to say.

(back)

14

Comma - lured.

(back)

15

Evening - eve.

(back)

16

A ban is a threat.

(back)

17

Klepati - call.

(back)

18

Nothing is more knowledgeable - knowing.

(back)

19

Telling with his charm - he guessed with his witchcraft.

(back)

20

Borzo current - fast walking.

(back)

21

Give - give.

(back)

22

Ochpaga - pocket.

(back)

23

Adding - thinking.

(back)

24

Protchee - in the rest.

(back)

25

He meets - meets.

(back)

26

I imagined on myself - I overshadowed myself.

(back)

27

Sen is a shadow.

(back)

28

Temnoobraznii - dark face.

(back)

29

Looking back - looking back.

(back)

30

Uncomfortable - unsightly.

(back)

31

Similar ones are appropriate.

(back)

32

Penyazey - money.

(back)

33

Field - verst.

(back)

34

Hope is located.

(back)

35

Vain - vain.

(back)

36

Desirable - deigned.

(back)

37

During the reign of Mikhail Fedorovich, Russian troops were besieged twice near Smolensk, in 1613-1615. and in 1632-1634. The Tale refers to the last siege.

(back)

38

According to documentary sources, it is known that Peter Nikitich Vorontsov-Velyaminov was sent to Shuya in 1630 to recruit soldiers.

(back)

39

In fact, he was granted to the boyars in 1655 after the campaign of 1632-1634.

(back)

40

Supplement - replenishment.

(back)

41

In the 17th century In Moscow, at the end of Sretenka Street, there was a Streltsy settlement. Earthen City was the name given to several settlements surrounding the Kremlin, White City and Kitay-Gorod. Streltsy army in the second half of the XVII century. divided into orders, which were called by the name of their boss. Zima Vasilyevich Volkov, the head of the archery, is mentioned in documents from 1652 to 1668. The clan of the noble Shilovs, whose representatives served at that time in the archery regiments, is also known from historical documents.

(back)

42

Brannyya vessels - military weapons.

(back)

43

Garmats are guns.

(back)

44

In fact, the commander of the Moscow troops near Smolensk was the boyar Mikhail Borisovich Shein (executed in 1634).

(back)

45

Nothing - nothing.

(back)

46

Wounded - wounded.

(back)

47

Likeness - convenient.

(back)

48

Friends are friends, friends.

(back)

49

Stegno - thigh.

(back)

50

Tabary - camp.

(back)

51

Dump fight - hand-to-hand.

(back)

52

Tighten - begged.

(back)

53

The years are perfect - old for years.

(back)

54

Golku - abuse.

(back)

55

Need - work.

(back)

56

They torture - they will be punished.

(back)

57

Sigklit - synclit: a meeting of high dignitaries, representatives of the highest court nobility.

(back)

58

Dangerous - with diligence.

(back)

59

Supplying - guarding.

(back)

60

Svetolepnu - luminous.

(back)

61

Metropolitan Peter (? -1326) - Metropolitan of Moscow and All Rus' since 1308, was recognized as a saint, was considered the patron saint of Moscow.

(back)

62

Church of Our Lady of Kazan on Red Square; was built ca. 1636

(back)

63

This refers to the Assumption Cathedral in the Kremlin (built in 1475–1479)

(back)

64

Chudov Monastery - located in the Kremlin, was founded in 1365.

(back)

65

Alexei (Aleksy) (90s of the XIII century - 1378) - Metropolitan of Moscow and All Rus' since 1354, was recognized as a saint.

(back)

original text

Translated into modern language. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Current page: 1 (total book has 3 pages)

author unknown
The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn

The story is very wonderful and worthy of surprise, even as a certain merchant Foma Grudtsyn happened in the city of Kazan about his son Savva

original text

In the summer from the creation of the world 7114 (1606) was in the city of Velitz Ustyuz 1
Veliky Ustyug is a city in the Vologda land on the Sukhona River, first mentioned in the annals under 1207.

A certain merchant, a husband glorious and rich, with the name and notoriety of Foma Grudtsyn-Usovs. Seeing God persecution and rebellion is great for Christians in the Russian state and in many cities, Abi 2
Abie - fast.

He leaves the great city of Ustyug and moves to the lower glorious royal city of Kazan, where there was no ill-fated Lithuania in the lower cities.

And that Foma lives with his wife in the city of Kazan even until the years of the pious great sovereign tsar and grand duke Mikhail Feoderovich 3
Muxaul Fedorovich - the first tsar from the Romanov family, was elected to the throne in 1613, died in 1645.

All Russia. Having that Thomas a son of the only begotten, named Savva, twelve years of age. 4
Twelve years old - twelve years old.

The custom, having that Thomas, I will buy things, driving down the Volga River, when 5
Ovogda - sometimes.

To Salt Kamskaya, sometimes to Astrakhan, and sometimes beyond Khvalynskoe 6
Khvalynskoye - Caspian Sea.

Sea in Shakhova region 7
Shahov region - Persia.

Departing, I will buy something creative. To the same and his son Savva, it is instructive and not lazy to such a matter to diligently command you, so that after death his heir would be his estate.

But the days are small, hesitating, and his son on the arranged 8
Arranged - equipped.

Sudeh, at the command of his father, begins to create a voyage to the Salt of Kama. I will reach him the Ussol city of Orel, 9
Orel - a city on the Kama River, near the Kama Salt

Abiye sticks to the shore and, at the command of his father, sticks to a certain deliberate person in an inn to dwell. Gostinnik 10
The hotelier is the owner of the hotel.

The same and his wife, remembering the love and mercy of his father, a lot of diligence and every good deed I do to him, and as if he had every care for his son. He stays in the hotel for a long time.

But Bazhen the Second, as if from Kazan Foma Grudtsyn, his son is found in their city, and thinking in himself, as if “his father had a lot of love and friendship with me, but now I despise him, but I will take him into my house, but dwell with me and eats with me from my table.”

And having thought this, having once seen that Savva on the way to come and, having called him, they begin to say: “Friend Savvo! or do not weigh 12
Or don't weigh - don't you know.

As if your father had a lot of love with me, why did you despise me and did not stick in my house to dwell? Now, therefore, do not disobey me, come and dwell in my house, so that we eat from my common meal. Because, for the love of your father, I graciously accept you like a son. " Savva, hearing such verbs from her husband, is very glad to be, as if from such a glorious husband he wants to be, and low worship works before him. That Bazhen the Second and living in all prosperity, rejoicing. The same Important Second Old One and having a wife, newly brought by the third marriage, a virgin, I exist. Hate the good of the human race, the adversary the devil, seeing that husband’s virtuous life and even disturbing his house, Abie stings his wife at the young man onago to a foul mixture of fornication and incessantly entraps the young man onago with flattering words to the fall of fornication: it is God’s message of a woman’s nature to entrap the minds of the young to fornication. 13
More than say - it is better to say.

From the envy of the devil comma 14
Comma - lured.

Be, falling into the net of fornication with her wife, insatiably doing fornication and untimely in this nasty deed being with her, lower than the resurrection day, lower than the holiday remembering, but forgetting the fear of God and mortal, always more in the feces of fornication like a pig lying around and in such in insatiable wandering for a long time, like cattle, remaining.

Once upon a time, I will be in time for the feast of the Ascension of our Lord Jesus Christ, on the eve 15
Evening - eve.

On the feast of Bazhen II, we will drink with us the young man Savva, ongoing, going to the holy church for evening singing and after the dismissal of vespers, we come back to our house, and at the usual supper we lie down with our skin on our bed, thanking God. Suddenly, the God-loving husband of Bazhen II fell asleep soundly, while his wife, instigated by the devil, secretly got up from his bed and came to the bed of the young man onago and aroused him, forcing him to a nasty mixture of prodigal. He, even if he is young, but as if by a certain arrow of the fear of God, was wounded, fearing the judgment of God, thinking in himself: “How on such a domineering day should the imam do such a stingy deed?” And think of this, start with an oath to deny it, saying, as if “I do not want to destroy my soul and defile my body on such a great holiday.” She, insatiably inflamed by the lust of fornication, relentlessly nudishes him with caressing, and rebuke 16
A ban is a threat.

Threatening him with some in order to fulfill her desire, and laboring a lot, admonishing him, but in no way is it possible to incline him to your will: some divine power is helping him. Seeing that crafty wife, as if it were not possible to attract the young man to her will, aby green fury fell on the young man like a fierce serpent, groaning, moving away from his bed, thinking with magic potions to drink him and immediately commit his evil intention though. And having conceived the greatness, this and create.

Sometimes it’s more riveting 17
Klepat - call.

To the morning singing, the God-loving husband of Bazhen the Second, soon getting up from his bed, arousing the young man Savva, having gone to the praise of God in the morning and listening with the attention and fear of God, and came to his house. And when the time came for the divine litorgy, going again with joy to the holy church for the doxology of God. The cursed wife of this woman carefully arranged a magic potion for the young man and, like a snake, wanted to vomit her poison on him. After the remission of the divine litorgy, Bazhen II and Savva left the church, wanting to go to their house. The governor of that city, having invited her husband Bazhen the Second, let him dine with him, asking about the young man, whose son and where. He will tell him that Foma Grudtsyn's son is from Kazan. The governor also invites the young man onago to his house, knowing his father well. They were in his house and, according to the custom of a common meal, having taken communion, returned with joy to their house.

Bazhen the Second commanded to bring little from the wine, but they would drink in their house of honor for the sake of the sovereign feast, nothing else 18
Nothing is more knowledgeable - knowing.

The crafty intentions of his wife. She, like an evil viper, hides malice in her heart and falls for flattery towards this young man. Bringing the former wine, he pours out a cup and brings it to her husband. He also drank thanks to God. And then pours, drinking herself. And the Abie pours the poisonous potion prepared by him and brings the young man to Savva. He, having drunk in no way thinking, being afraid of Onya’s wife, teashe, as if he thinks of no evil against him, and without any thought he drinks the fierce potion. And behold, a kind of fire will burn in his hearts. He, thinking, speaking to himself, like "many different drinks in my father's house and never drink such a drink, as now." And when, having drunk onago, they begin to grieve in their hearts and mourn for her wife. She, like a fierce lioness, fiercely looked at him and showed no greeting to him. He is lamenting, grieving for her. She began to slander her husband on the young man and speak absurd words and command him to be driven out of her house. He is a God-fearing husband, even if he desires in his heart for the young man, but he is also caught by the female flattery, he commands the young man to leave his house, telling him some guilt. That young man, with great pity and a hard heart, departs from his house, grieving and lamenting about her wicked wife.

But there was a magician in that city, saying with his charm, 19
Telling with his charm - he guessed with his witchcraft.

To whom what grief will happen, he is recognizing, either live or die. The hotel host and his wife, prudence beings, have a lot of care for the young man, and they secretly call on the sorcerer onago, wanting to find out from him what grief the young man has befallen. The sorcerer, having looked at his magic books, tells the truth, as if there is no sorrow of a young man in himself, only he grieves for the wife of Bazhen the Second, as if he had fallen into a prodigal mixture, now he is condemned from her and, aching over her, laments. The hotel host and his wife, listening to such from the sorcerer, are not a faith, for Bazhen’s husband is pious and afraid of God, and you don’t count this for anything. Savva, on the other hand, is constantly grieving and grieving for her damned wife, and day by day from that tightness, thin her flesh, as if someone were sick with great sorrow.

Once upon a time, that Savva went out alone beyond the city on the field from great despondency and sorrow to stroll and walk alone across the field, and seeing no one behind him or in front of him, and nothing else but lamenting and grieving about his separation from his wife and, thinking in to myself in my mind such an evil thought, saying: "Even if someone from a man or the devil himself created this thing, if I were to be copulated with her wife, I would have served the devil." And having thought such a thought, as if having entered the mind, walking alone and walking a little, hearing a voice behind him, calling his name. He is converted, he sees a young man behind him, a flowing greyhound 20
Borzo current - fast walking.

In deliberate attire, waving your hand to him, wait for yourself commandingly. He is standing, waiting for the young man onago to him.

I will help your grief. " Savva said: "If you know true grief, even imam in yourself, then I will understand your faith, as you can help me." The devil said to him: Secondly, you are not excommunicated from her lubvi. But what do you give, I will do thee with her still in her love. " Savva said: "Az ubo, how much they have here goods and the wealth of my father and with profits, I give you everything Just make love as before to have with her wife. " The demon smiled at that too, and said to him: "What are you tempting us for? I know, as your father has a lot of wealth. your father. And what will be in your tavars? But give me a little handwriting, and I will fulfill your desire. what we tell you to write, "and not knowing what destruction he wants to fall into, but also to write perfectly, lower compose what he can. Ole madness of the onago youth! yu, and toya for the sake of what destruction condescends! When the demon spoke these words to the young man, he promised with joy to give the scripture. The imaginary brother, moreover, decide, demon, soon the removal from the ochpag 22
Ochpaga - pocket.

Ink and a charter, gives the young man and commands him to immediately write a scripture. The same young man Savva still imperfectly knows how to write and, if the devil told him, he wrote the same, without adding, 23
Adding - thinking.

And by such scripture I denied Christ the true God and gave myself over to the service of the devil. Having written such a God-marked scripture, he gives it to the devil, his imaginary brother. And tacos went both to the city of Eagle.

Savva, according to the verb of his brother the devil, joyfully flow to the shop of Bazhen the Second. When Bazhen, seeing Savva, zealously invites him to him, saying: “Mr. Savvo, what evil have I done to you and why did you leave my house? 24
Protchee - in the rest.

I beg you, come and live in my house again, because for the love of your father, like your son, I would be glad to you wholeheartedly. but when he came, his wife, when she saw the young man, and, being incited by the devil, joyfully greeted 25
Sretaet - meets.

Him, and greet him with every caress, and kiss him. The young man is caught by the flattery of a woman, moreover, by the devil, he still stumbles in the net of fornication with her cursed wife, below the holidays, below the fear of God, remembering, not insatiably incessantly wallowing with her in the feces of fornication.

After a certain time, the demon will take Savva and both of them will go beyond the city of Orel to the field. To those who left the city, the demon speaks to Savva: “Brother Savvo, weigh, who am I? be ashamed to be called brother with me: I have absolutely loved you as a brotherhood to myself. But if you want to know about me, I am the son of kings. And saying this, bring him to an empty place on a certain hill and show him in a certain expanse a glorious city of great glory: walls and covers and platforms are all shining from pure gold. And he said to him: "This is the city of my father, but let us go and bow down to my father, and if you gave me a scripture, now take it yourself hand it over to my father and you will be honored with great honor from him." And this utterance, the demon gives Savva the scripture marked by God. Ole madness of the lad! Knowing more, as if no kingdom lies close to the Muscovite state, but everything is possessed by the king of Moscow. If only I could imagine 26
I imagined on myself - I overshadowed myself.

The image of an honest cross, all this dream of the devil like a canopy 27
Canopy is a shadow.

Died. But let us return to the present.

When both of them went to the ghostly city and the gates of the city approaching them, dark-looking young men meet them, 28
Darkness - dark face.

The robes and belts are decorated with gold and with diligence, bowing honor to the son of the king, moreover, the speech, the demon, and even Savva bowing. When they enter the court of the kings, packs of young men are met, shimmering with robes more than the first, bowing to them in the same way. Whenever they enter the tsar’s coats, some of the friends of the young men meet each other with honor and attire superior, giving worthy honor to the son of the tsar and Savva. The demon entered into the room, saying: “Brother Savvo, wait for me here a little: I will tell my father about you and bring you to him. Whenever you are before him, thinking nothing or fearing, give him your scripture. And this river, went to the inner curtains, leaving Savva alone. And after a little hesitation there, he comes to Savva and therefore brings him in before the face of the prince of darkness.

To his dark warriors, he said: "If I receive this child, but we do not know whether I will be strong or not." Calling his son, Savvin, an imaginary brother, saying to him: "Go and eat and dine with your brother." And so they both bowed to the king and went out to the front room, having started dinner. I offer them unspeakable and fragrant poisons, and also drink, as if Savva marveled, saying: “Never in the house of my father eat such poisons or drink them.” After eating, the demon accepts Savva and after leaving the king's court and leaving the city. Savva asks his brother the demon, saying: “What is it, brother, how did I see winged young men standing around the throne of your father?” The demon, smiling, said to him: “Or do not weigh, as if many tongues serve my father: Indians and Persians and many others? Do not marvel at this and do not hesitate to call me your brother. Az bo let me be your smaller brother; tokmo, eliko river ty, be obedient to me in everything. I am glad to do you any kind of virtue.” Savva promised everyone to be obedient to him. And taco convinced, having come again to the city of Eagle. And leaving the demon Savva departs. Savva Zha again came to the house of the Bazhenov and was in his former stingy business.

All our wealth, as they say, is exhausted in drunkenness and fornication. But there are many letters to him about this, so that from there he would return to our house, but he did not give me a single rebuke, but even now he remains there, whether he is alive or not, we don’t know about this. "Thomas, having heard such verbs from his wife , greatly embarrassed with his mind and soon sat down, writing an epistle to Savva, with many prayers, so that without any delay from there he would go to the city of Kazan, “Yes, I see, speech, child, the beauty of your face.” what is it for, think below to go to your father, but only exercising in insatiable wandering. 31
Similar ones are appropriate.

Strugi with tavar, on the way to the Kama Salt, along the Kama. “I myself, saying, having found, I will take my son into my house.”

On the way. "The demon forbids him about this, saying:" Or did you not know my father, do not weigh, as if he were eating him everywhere, but if we come, we will have money, if necessary. from the city of Orel, not known to anyone, below it is Bazhen II himself, below his wife, having led Savvina about the departure.

Bes and Savva, about a single load from the Kamsky Salt, appear on the Volga River in the city called Kuzmodemyansky, the distance from the Kamsky Salt is more than 2000 fields, 33
Field - verst.

And the demon says to Savva: “If someone you know sees you here and asks where you came from, you are the people: from Salt Kamsky in the third week we came to here.” Savva, having told him the devil, said so, and stayed in Kuzmodemyansk for several days.

Neither I nor my wife know about this. "But Thomas, shedding many tears while alive, waiting for his son and waiting a lot, vanity 35
Vain - vain.

Return to your house in hope. And he announces a joyless incident to his wife, and both together complaining and grieving about the deprivation of their only begotten son. And in such a lamentation, Foma Grudtsyn lived for some time, went to the Lord, leaving his wife as a widow.

Bes and Savva live in the city of Shuya. At that time, the pious sovereign, tsar and Grand Duke Mikhail Feodorovich of all Russia desired 36
Desirable - deigned.

Send your army against the king of Poland under the city of Smolensk, 37
During the reign of Mikhail Fedorovich, Russian troops were besieged twice near Smolensk, in 1613-1615. and in 1632-1634. The Tale refers to the last siege.

And according to his Tsarist Majesty's decree throughout Russia, I am recruiting newlywed soldiers there. In the city of Shuya, for the sake of the salladatsky recruitment, Timofei Vorontsov, a steward, was sent from Moscow 38
According to documentary sources, it is known that Peter Nikitich Vorontsov-Velyaminov was sent to Shuya in 1630 to recruit soldiers.

And the newly recruited soldiers are teaching the military article all the days. The demon and Savva, coming, watching the teachings. And the demon said to Savva: “Brother Savvo, if you want to serve the king, let us write ourselves as soldiers?” Savva said: “Good, brother, speak, let us serve.” And tacos were written in the sallads and started to go to the teaching of walking. The devil, in military teaching, is the wisdom of the gift of Savva, as if he surpasses the old warriors and headmen in teaching. The demon himself, as if serving Savva, goes after him and carries his weapons.

Having seen Savva about Onago, he orders him to bring him before him and say to him: “Do you want, young man, to take you into my house and honor you a lot?” He bowed to him and said: “There is more, my lord, my brother, I will ask him. If they command me, I will gladly serve you.” The boyar, having rebuked him in no way about this, let him go, but ask, speech, his brother. Savva came, telling this to his imaginary brother. The demon, with fury, spoke to him: “Why, do you want to despise the royal mercy and serve his serf? You are now, and yourself, arranged in the same order, you have already been noble even to the king himself, don’t wake up like that, but let us serve the king. Whenever the king takes away your faithful service, then you will be exalted from him in rank.

By order of the tsar, all the newly recruited soldiers were distributed to the archery regiments in addition. 40
Supplement - replenishment.

The same Savva was placed on Ustretenka in Zemlyanoy Gorod, in Zimin order, in the house of a shooter centurion named Iyakov Shilov. 41
In the 17th century In Moscow, at the end of Sretenka Street, there was a Streltsy settlement. Earthen City was the name given to several settlements surrounding the Kremlin, White City and Kitay-Gorod. Streltsy army in the second half of the XVII century. divided into orders, which were called by the name of their boss. Zima Vasilyevich Volkov, the head of the archery, is mentioned in documents from 1652 to 1668. The clan of the noble Shilovs, whose representatives served at that time in the archery regiments, is also known from historical documents.

The centurion of that one and his wife, pious and pious being, seeing more Savvin's wit, greatly honor him. The regiments in Moscow are in every readiness byahu.

In one day, the demon came to Savva and said to him: "Brother Savvo, let's go before the regiments to Smolensk and see what the Poles are doing and what kind of city the battle vessels are strengthening 42
Brannyya vessels - fighting weapons.

Arrange ". And about one night from Moscow to Smolensk, they became and stayed in it for three days and three nights, but they are visible to no one, they all saw and created how the Poles fortified the city and in the places of attack all sorts of garmats 43
Garmats are guns.

Postavlyahu. On the fourth day, the demon declares himself and Savva in Smolensk a Pole. Whenever the Poles saw them, they rebelled, starting to chase them, wanting to catch them. Bes and Savva, soon escaping from the city, ran to the Dnieper River and abie, the water parted for them and crossed the river on dry land. The Poles shoot a lot at them, and in no way hurt them, wondering, saying, like "demons are in the form of a man, having come and been in our city." Savva and the devil came to Moscow and became packs with the same centurion Iyakov Shilov.

Whenever, by decree of the Tsar's Majesty, the regiments went from Moscow to Smolensk, then Savva and his brother went to the regiments. Above all the regiments then the boyar was Feodor Ivanovich Shein. 44
In fact, the commander of the Moscow troops near Smolensk was the boyar Mikhail Borisovich Shein (executed in 1634).

On the way, the demon to Savva said: “Brother Savvo, when we are near Smolensk, then from the Poles from the regiments from the city one giant will leave for a duel and will call the enemy for himself. 45
Nothing - nothing.

So go out against him; I know that I say thee, that you will strike him. On the next day, another giant will leave the packs from the Poles for a duel, but you leave the packs and against it; we know, as if you would strike that one too. On the third day, the third combatant will leave Smolensk, but you, without fear of anything, go against that one, but defeat that one too. I'm wounded myself 46
Wounded - wounded.

Stay away from him. And I will soon heal your ulcer." And having exhorted him like that, he came under the city of Smolensk and became 47
Similarity - convenient.

Location.

But this one heard him and soon announced him to the boyar. The boyar ordered Savva to bring before him and ordered him to deliberately give a horse and a weapon, thinking that the imat young man would soon die from such a terrible giant. Savva, according to the verb of his brother's demon, thinking or fearing nothing, goes out against the Polish hero onago and soon defeat him, and leads him with a horse to the regiments of Moscow, and we praise him from everyone. The demon rides on it, serving him and carrying his weapons behind him. On the second day, a glorious certain warrior leaves Smolensk, looking for himself from the army of the Moscow enemy, and the same Savva leaves against him, and soon strikes him. I marvel at his bravery. The boyar was angry with Savva, but hid the anger in his heart. On the third day, a certain glorious warrior more than the first leaves the city of Smolensk, also looking for and calling the enemy for himself. Savva, even if he is afraid to go against such a terrible warrior, both, according to the demonic word, immediately leaves against him. But Abie Pole with that fury let loose and wound Savva with a spear in the left stehno. 49
Stegno - thigh.

Savva, correct yourself, attacks the Pole Onago, kills him and with his horse to the tabars 50
Tabary - camp.

Attract, there is a considerable gap in the pitch, but nevertheless the Russian army will be surprised. Then, from the city of vylaska, come out and the army with the army came together in a dump battle 51
Dump fight - hand-to-hand.

Bititsya. Yes, if Savva goes with his brother from whom the warriors winged, there the Poles will irrevocably run away from them, the rear is showing, countless more Poles are beating, but they themselves harm the byakh from no one.

The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn is a monument of Russian literature of the 17th century. The time of its creation is attributed to the end of the 60s.

The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn

Part 1. Love affair

In 1606, a well-known and rich man lived in Veliky Ustyug. His name was Foma Grudtsyn-Usov. When misfortunes for all Orthodox Christians began in Russia, he left his Great Ustyug and settled in the glorious and royal city of Kazan - Lithuanian atrocities did not reach the Volga. There Foma lived with his wife until the reign of the pious Tsar and Grand Duke Mikhail Fedorovich.
He had an only son Savva, sixteen years old. Once Thomas sent his son to Solikamsk with goods. Savva swam to the city of Orel, Usolsky district and stopped, as his father punished him, in a hotel. And in Orel lived a tradesman, whose name was Bazhen 2nd. He was already in years, known to many for his well-behaved life, rich and was a close friend of Foma Grudtsyn. When he found out that Foma's son had come from Kazan to his city, he thought: "His father was always a close friend to me, but I didn’t seem to notice my son and didn’t invite him to my place. Let him stay with me and stay for a while."
Savva was very happy and immediately he went from the hotel to Bazhen and began to live with him in complete prosperity and joy. Bazhen - himself an old man - recently married for the third time to a young wife. And the devil, this hater of the human race, knowing about the virtuous life of her husband, planned to stir up his whole house. And he seduced his wife to start inciting the young man to fornication. She constantly pushed him to fall with her conversations (it is known, after all, how women can catch young people!), And Savva, by the power of her youth, was lured into the network of fornication: he started a criminal love with her and was constantly in such a bad state, not remembering Sundays, no feasts, forgetting the fear of God and the hour of death.

Once the feast of the Ascension of Our Lord Jesus Christ approached. On the eve of the feast, Bazhen took Savva with him to church for vespers, and after the service they returned home and, having supper in the usual way and thanking God, went to bed, each on his own bed. When the pious Bazhen fell asleep, his wife, instigated by the devil, got up cautiously from the bed, went up to Savva, woke him up and offered him to take care of her. But this one - although he was still young - was pierced by some kind of arrow of God's fear, and he thought, frightened of God's judgment: "How can one engage in such a dark business on such a bright day!" And thinking so, he began to refuse and say that he did not want to destroy his soul and defile his body on a great holiday. And Bazhen's wife became more and more inflamed and continued to force Savva. Either she caressed him, then threatened with some kind of punishment - she tried for a long time, but she could not persuade him to what she wanted - Divine power helped Savva. The malevolent woman, seeing that she was unable to subdue the young man to her will, immediately inflamed with rage at him, hissed like a snake, and moved away from his bed.
Bazhen's wife prepared a certain potion for Savva. And when he drank, he began to lament his heart for the hostess. And she later slandered Savva in front of her husband, spoke absurdities about him and demanded to drive him out of the house. God-fearing Bazhen, although he felt sorry for the young man, succumbed to female deceit and ordered Savva to leave the house. And Savva left them, lamenting and sighing for that malevolent woman.
Again he returned to the hotel where he had stayed at the beginning. He continued to lament over Bazhen's wife, and from his heartfelt sorrow he changed his face and lost weight. The owner of the inn saw that the young man was in great sorrow, but could not understand why, meanwhile, a healer lived in the city, who could by witchcraft methods find out what misfortunes to whom and because of what happen, and that person will live or will die. The hosts took care of the young man as best they could, and therefore they called that magician in secret from everyone and asked him what kind of sadness Savva had? He looked into his magic books and said that Savva did not have any grief of his own, but he lamented over the wife of Bazhen the 2nd, since he had previously been in touch with her, and now he was separated from her; he is crushed by it. Hearing this, the owner of the hotel and his wife did not believe, because Bazhen was pious and God-fearing, and did not do anything. And Savva continued to incessantly lament for the damned wife of Bazhen, and from this he completely withered his body.

Part 2. Encounter with the devil

Once Savva went out alone from the house for a walk. It was past noon, he was walking along the road alone, not seeing anyone either in front or behind him, and he thought of nothing, only about separation from his mistress. And suddenly he thought: "If someone, a man or the devil himself, would help me connect with her, I would become a servant even to the devil himself!" - such a thought arose in him, as if he had lost his mind in a frenzy. He continued to walk alone. And after a few steps he heard a voice calling his name. Savva turned around and saw a well-dressed young man quickly following him. The young man waved his hand to him, offering to wait for him. Savva stopped. The young man - or rather, the devil, who is constantly looking for ways to destroy the human soul - that young man approached him, and, as usual, they bowed to each other.
The one who came up said to Savva:
- My brother Savva, I have known you for a long time: you are Grutsyn-Usov from Kazan, and I, if you wish to know, are also Grutsyn-Usov, from Veliky Ustyug. I have been here for a long time, trading horses. We are brothers by birth, and now you do not move away from me, and I will help you in everything.
Bes asked Savva:
- Savva, my brother, what kind of grief do you have and why did youthful beauty fall from your face?
Savva said:
- If you know what makes me sad, then show it so that I believe that you can help me.
- You grieve with your heart for the wife of Bazhen the 2nd because of separation from her!
Savva exclaimed:
- How much goods and money my father has here - I give you everything together with the profit, just make sure that we are still together with her!
- Why are you tempting me?! I know your father is rich. But don't you know that my father is seven times richer? And why do I need your goods? You better give me one receipt now, and I will fulfill your desire.
The young man is glad of this, thinking to himself: “I will only give him a receipt for what he says, and his father’s wealth will remain intact,” and he didn’t understand what an abyss he was throwing himself into! (Yes, and he still didn’t quite know how to write - that’s madness! How he was caught by female deceit and what death he prepared to go down because of passion!) And when the demon said his words, he happily promised to give a receipt. The imaginary "relative" - the demon quickly took out an inkwell and paper from his pocket, gave them to Savva and ordered him to quickly write a receipt. Savva still did not know how to write very well, and because the demon spoke, he wrote it down without thinking, but the result was words in which he renounced Christ, the True God, and betrayed himself into the service of the devil. Having written this apostate letter, he gave it to the demon, and both went to Orel.
Savva, with the help of the devil, moves again to Bazhen's house. Bazhen's wife, instigated by the devil, joyfully met him, greeted him affectionately and kissed him. The young man was caught by female deceit, or rather the devil, and again fell into the net of fornication, again began to wallow with the damned woman, not remembering the holidays or the fear of God.
Part 3. In the service

Upon learning that Savva's father is going to Orel, the devil decides to take Savva away.
Bes and Savva end up in Shuisk. At that time, the pious Sovereign Tsar and Grand Duke of all Russia, Mikhail Fedorovich, decided to send troops near Smolensk against the Polish king. By royal decree, recruits began to be recruited throughout Russia; stolnik Timofey Vorontsov was sent from Moscow to Shuysk to recruit soldiers, who organized the training of the military article. The demon and Savva came to watch the teachings. And the devil says:
- Would you like to serve the king? Let's become soldiers with you!
Savva says:
- Well, brother, you suggested. Let's serve.
So they became soldiers and began to go to classes together. Bes Savva gave such learning abilities that he surpassed both experienced warriors and commanders. And the demon, under the guise of a servant, followed Savva and carried his weapons. From Shuysk, the recruits were transferred to Moscow and given for training under the command of a German colonel. That colonel once came to see the soldiers in training. And then he saw a young man - an excellent student in his studies, perfectly performing all the exercises without a single defect in the article, which neither the old soldiers nor the commanders could do. The colonel was surprised, called Savva to him and asked him who he was. Savva answered him, everything as it is. The colonel liked him so much that he called him his son, gave him a beaded hat from his head, and gave him three companies of recruits to command. Now Savva himself conducted the training instead of him.
And the demon says to him:
Brother Savva, if you have nothing to pay the soldiers, then tell me, and I will get you as much money as you need so that there is no grumbling in your unit.
And since then, at Savva, all the soldiers were calm; and in other companies - constant unrest and rebellion, because there the soldiers sat without pay and died of hunger and cold. Everyone was surprised how skillful Savva was. Soon the king himself became aware of him.
By order of the king, all the recruits were then distributed among the archery regiments. Savva ended up in Zemlyanoy Gorod on Sretenka in the winter house of the archery captain Yakov Shilov. The captain and his wife were pious and good-natured people; they saw Savvin's skill and respected him. The regiments stood around Moscow in full readiness for the campaign.
Once a demon came to Savva and offered:
- Brother, let's go forward with you troops to Smolensk and see what's going on there, how they fortify the city, and what weapons they have.
And in one night they arrived from Moscow to Smolensk and lived in it for three days, no one noticed. There they watched how the Poles erect fortifications and how they put artillery on weakly fortified areas. On the fourth day, the demon showed himself and Savva to the Poles. When they saw them, they screamed and ran after them. And the demon and Savva ran out of the city and ran to the Dnieper. The water parted before them, and they crossed to the other side on dry land. The Poles began to shoot at them, but they could not do any harm. After that, the Poles began to say that two demons appeared in the city in human form. And Savva with the demon returned to Moscow again to the same Yakov Shilov.
When, by order of the tsar, the troops marched from Moscow to Smolensk, Savva and his “brother” also marched with them. The boyar Fedor Ivanovich Shein commanded the army. On the road, the demon says:
- Brother, when we come near Smolensk, a hero will leave the city from the Poles for a duel and begin to call out the enemy. Don't be afraid, but stand up to him. I know everything and I tell you: you will amaze him. The next day another will come out - and you will again go out against him. I know for sure that you will amaze him too. On the third day, the third Pole will leave Smolensk. But do not be afraid of anything - and you will defeat him, although you yourself will be wounded; but I will heal your wound soon.
So he told Savva everything, and soon they came near Smolensk and settled down in a suitable place.
In confirmation of the demonic words, a warrior came out of the city, very frightening in appearance, and began to gallop back and forth on a horse and look for an enemy from the ranks of the Russians. But no one dared to go against him. Then Savva announced to everyone:
- If I had a war horse, I would go out to fight this sovereign enemy.
His friends, hearing this, reported to the commander. The boyar ordered Savva to be brought to him, and then ordered to give him a horse and weapons. Savva, without hesitation, rode against the Polish hero, struck him and brought his body along with the horse to the Russian camp, earning praise from everyone. Bes at that time went after him as a servant-armourer.
On the second day, a terrible giant leaves Smolensk again. The same Savva went against him. And he struck him.
On the third day, a warrior leaves Smolensk even more prominent than before and is also looking for an enemy. Savva, although he was afraid to leave against such a monster, but, remembering the demonic commandment, nevertheless left immediately. And here is a Pole on horseback against him. He flew furiously and pierced Savva's left thigh. And Savva prevailed over himself, attacked the Pole, killed him and brought him with a horse to the Russian camp. By doing so, he brought considerable shame on the besieged, and pretty much surprised the entire Russian army.
Then an army began to leave the city, and army against army converged and began to fight. And wherever Savva and his “brother” appeared, the Poles fled there, opening the rear. Together they beat countless numbers, and they themselves remained unharmed.

Part 4. The monks

Suddenly, Savva suddenly fell ill and very hard, having come to the brink of death, Savva lived at that time in the house of the archery captain Yakov Shilov. Day that day, the disease intensified. The mistress relentlessly demanded repentance so that he would not die without it. Finally, at the insistence of a God-loving woman, he agreed to confession. She sent to the temple of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker for a priest, who came without delay. The priest was already in years, God-fearing and experienced. Arriving, he, as expected, began to read the prayer of repentance. When everyone left the room, he began to confess the patient. And then the patient suddenly saw that a whole crowd of demons had entered the room. And with them - an imaginary brother, only not in human form, but in his truly, bestial form. The patient saw them, as if in reality, was horrified and, in the hope of the power of God, told the priest everything in detail. He, although he was strong in spirit, was also frightened: there were no people in the room except the patient, and the voices of demons were heard clearly. With great difficulty he forced himself to complete the confession and went home without telling anyone. After confession, the demon attacked Savva and began torturing him: either he would hit the wall, then the floor, or he would choke him so that foam came out of his mouth. It was painful for the well-meaning hosts to see such suffering, they pitied the young man, but could not help in any way. Soon the king himself found out about everything. The pious king sent the sick man food for every day and ordered that as soon as he recovered, he would be informed. And for a long time our patient was in the hands of demonic forces. Soon he had a vision:
“I saw,” he said, “a woman in purple robes, shining with an unspeakable light, approach my couch. And the luminous Queen says: "I will ask my Son and your God, only you fulfill one vow, and I will deliver you from your misfortune. Do you want to become a monk?" With tears in my eyes, I began to pray to Her in a dream with the words that you heard. She said: “Listen, Savva, when the feast of the Apparition of My Kazan Icon starts, you come to my temple, which is on the square near the Rag Rows, and I will perform a miracle on you in front of all the people!” Saying this, She became invisible.
And on July 8, the feast of the Kazan Mother of God came. Then the king ordered the sick Savva to bring to the church. When the Divine Liturgy began, Savva was laid on a carpet outside the church. Then came a voice like thunder:
- Savva! Get up, what are you doing?! Go to church and be well. And sin no more! - and an apostate receipt fell from above and was washed away, as if it had not been written at all.
Sick Savva jumped up from the carpet, as if he was not sick, entered the church. The Great Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Duke of all Russia, Mikhail Fedorovich, ordered Savva to be brought to him. When Savva arrived, the king asked him about the vision. He told him everything in detail and showed the same receipt. The king marveled at the mercy of God and the miracle that had happened. After the Divine Liturgy, Savva went again to the house of the archery captain Yakov Shilov. The captain and his wife, seeing such mercy of God, thanked God and His Most Pure Mother.
Then Savva distributed all his property to the poor, as much as he had, and he himself went to the Monastery of the Miracle of the Archangel Michael, in which the relics of the Holy Hierarch of God, Metropolitan Alexei lie (this monastery is called Miracles). There he became a monk and began to live in fasting and prayer, constantly praying to the Lord about his sin. He lived in the monastery for many years and went to the Lord in holy monasteries.

http://www.bibliotekar.ru/rus/40.htm

The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn read the translation. The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn - the temptation and salvation of man - abstract. The plot scheme of the Tale, its construction

original text

Transcription into modern language

Notes

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

author unknown The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn

original text

author unknown
The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn