How Cipollino treats friends. One of the favorite fairy tale characters of Soviet children. Psychological characteristics of the main characters, personality, character, their place in the work

Cipollino

CIPOLLINO (Italian Cipollino) - the hero of the fairy tale story by D. Rodari "The Adventures of Cipollino" (1951), a brave onion boy. The image of C. is largely a new version of Pinocchio, the famous hero of C. Collodi. He is just as direct, touching, good-natured, restless, but at the same time not at all capricious, not at all self-willed and much less trusting. He never deceives anyone, firmly keeps his word and always acts as a defender of the weak. Ch. looks almost exactly like all boys. Only his head has the shape of an onion with sprouted green arrows instead of hair. It looks very nice, but it is bad for those who want to drag Ch. for his green forelock. Tears immediately begin to flow from their eyes. Ch. himself wept only once during the action of the story: when the Limonchiki soldiers arrested Pope Cipollone. "Get back, stupid!" - ordered Ch. to a tear, and she never showed up again. Ch. was not afraid of the formidable cavalier Tomato and boldly stood up for his offended godfather Pumpkin; he deftly euthanized the dog Mastino so that godfather Pumpkin could take his house. Ch. is courageous and knows how to make friends. The evil Tomato manages to put the kid in jail, but thanks to his ability to be friends, Ch. not only gets out himself, but also saves those who are innocently languishing there, including his father. The formidable cavalier Tomato lost to the little daredevil, thanks to whom the Countess Cherries escaped from their palace, Baron Orange went "to the station to carry suitcases", and the castle of the Countesses turned into the Children's Palace. The image of Ch., despite the apparent fabulousness, is very truthful. All actions and reactions of the hero are psychologically reliable. Before us is a living boy from a simple family, endowed with the best of human qualities. But at the same time it is an image-symbol of boyish courage, children's friendship and devotion.

Lit .: Brandis E. From Aesop to Gianni Rodari. M., 1965.

All characteristics in alphabetical order:

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A cheerful and brave onion from sunny Italy named Cipollino in the 1950s became a symbol of the victory of the oppressed people over those in power. With a children's book, which is distinguished by its bright artistic originality, the Italian raised absolutely non-childish questions. Life values, justice, friendship - for everything there was a place on the pages of a work about the adventures of revived vegetables and fruits.

History of creation

The Italian writer Gianni Rodari was one of the supporters of communism. A defender of the poor and an adherent of social justice, in 1950 he took over as editor of the children's magazine Pioneer and began to create for children with his own hands. To begin with, he published a collection of funny poems, and a year after he headed the publication, he presented the kids with the fairy tale "The Adventures of Cipollino."

The book glorified the Italian communist, especially in the Soviet Union, which is quite understandable - the author clothed in an allegorical form the large landowners and Sicilian barons, whom he opposed the poor people.

The work came to Russia in 1953 on the initiative of Rodari, who sympathized with Rodari and patronized him in every way. The Russian poet-storyteller himself took up the editing of the Italian story translated by Zlata Potapova. Heroes immediately after the appearance on the shelves of Soviet bookstores won the hearts of children. Since then, the book with colorful pictures has been published in millions of copies and even entered the school curriculum.

The story, which does not lose its relevance to this day, is far from magical works, devoid of fairies, miraculous transformations and phenomena, therefore it is ranked among everyday social fairy tales. Characters rely only on their wits, ingenuity, courage and true calculation. The main idea is to show the injustice of the oppression of unprotected sections of society. However, in the fairy tale there was a place for a whole scattering of problems. The story turned out to be fascinating and kind, it consists of 29 chapters, which are crowned by a collection of songs of heroes.

Biography and plot

The restless little boy Cipollino lives in the Lemon Kingdom on the very outskirts of the city. A large onion family lives in poverty in a wooden shack the size of a seedling box. One day, the head of the family, Pope Cipollone, accidentally stepped on the foot with a callus to Prince Lemon, who decided to visit this part of the state. The enraged ruler of the country ordered the clumsy onion father to be imprisoned for many years. Thus began the exciting adventures of Cipollino and his comrades.

After a meeting with an imprisoned relative, the boy realized that only innocent people were in prison, and he also received instructions from his father to “walk around the world”, gain experience, and see how people live. During the trip, Cipollone ordered the offspring to pay special attention to the swindlers in power.

Lukovka set off on a campaign across a boundless country, seeing along the way the poverty and lack of rights of his compatriots. Poor godfather Pumpkin g

onit seigneur Tomato from a small house, which occupied a piece of the master's land, godmother Blueberry makes ends meet, having only halves of scissors, thread and a needle from everything acquired, the peasants are starving, sending carts with food to the palace of Countess Cherry, besides, they pay for air and try to learn to breathe less. Cherries are going to establish another tax - on rainfall.

But Cipollino, having enlisted the support of his friends, among them Bean, Professor Pear, Master Grape and others, decides to help the people. A fight against injustice is unleashed, which ends in complete victory: the flag of Freedom proudly flutters on the tower of the castle, and the building itself has turned into a palace for children, where a cinema hall, rooms for games and drawing, and a puppet theater are equipped.

The tale of the class struggle is distinguished by a dynamic plot and a whole range of wonderful images. Positive and negative characters from the world of plants show the relationship of people of different classes. Rodari managed to convey complex things in simple language, to give the work a unique artistic style.

Screen adaptations and productions

In Russia, Chipollino managed to go beyond the paper edition. Lukovka (the meaning of the name is translated from Italian) went on television - in 1961, based on the work, a cartoon directed by Boris Dezhkin was released, where the main character was voiced.

The gallery of characters in the book is richer than the "actor" composition of the Soviet cartoon. So, in the story of an Italian communist, there live heroes who are not related to the plant world, for example, the Mole, the Bear, the Spider. The animators left only the characters "from the garden", and even then not all of them. I had to say goodbye to reduce the time of the film with Orange, Parsley, Peas.

After another 12 years, Tamara Lisitsian delighted young viewers with the film-tale "Cipollino". In the musical comedy, the image of the character was embodied by Alexander Elistratov. The film starred such stars of Soviet cinema as (Countess Vishenka), (Prince Lemon), (lawyer Peas).

Even Gianni Rodari himself got into the cast - the writer was assigned the role of a storyteller. Tamara Lisitsian was the wife of one of the leaders of the Communist Party of Italy, so she personally knew Rodari. That is why the author suddenly appeared in her picture.

In 2014, connoisseurs of literature and theater were indignant at the staging of a children's performance based on the work of Rodari, directed by Ekaterina Koroleva. From the script of the musical fairy tale, the plot where the heroes arrange a revolution has disappeared. Prince Lemon simply listens to the people, insight descends on him, thanks to which the lord cancels unjust laws and remains in power. The author of the performance explained the decision to reshape the Italian writer's idea in the following way:

“We have left in the performance social sharpness, but since I am terribly afraid of any revolutions, the revolution will take place in the minds of the heroes.”

Ban in Russia

Five years ago, Russian society was stormily discussing the topic of restrictions that the government had imposed on some books, films and cartoons. The tale of Gianni Rodari "The Adventures of Cipollino" is included in the list of harmful literature that is not recommended in Russia for reading by children under 12 years old.

The ban is imposed in accordance with the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On the protection of children from information harmful to their health and development", which entered into force on Knowledge Day in 2012. In the story of the adventures of the Italian onion, lawmakers saw an episodic depiction of violence.

• From the end of the 50s, the hero of the Italian story joined the ranks of the Club of Merry Men, who lived on the pages of the magazine Merry Pictures. The children were entertained by a company from Chipollino, Dunno, Pinocchio, and later Pencil and Samodelkin joined them.

• The talented musician Karen Khachaturian was invited to write music for the cartoon about the brave Cipollino. Then no one even suspected that the work would result in another new work. The composer admitted: the fairy tale fascinated him so much that he could not get out of his head. Karen Khachaturian recalled:

“For some reason, every hero seemed to me now in a dance.”

• After 12 years, amazing, sincere music for the ballet in three acts "Cipollino" was born. And the brilliant fate of the production of Henry Mayorov began, which since 1974 has successfully traveled on the stage. The composer became famous throughout the world, and ballet has become one of the best in contemporary art, aimed at a children's audience.
• Gianni Rodari first found success in Russia and only then, in 1967, at home. For "fabulous" works, the writer received a prestigious award - the Hans Christine Andersen medal.

Quotes

“In this world it is quite possible to live in peace. There is a place for everyone on earth - both for bears and for bulbs.

“Do not be angry, do not be angry, Signor Tomato! From anger, they say, vitamins disappear!

“I think today is a very lucky day. We have a new friend, and this is already a lot!”

“Here, you can lick this piece of paper. It is sweet, a caramel with rum was wrapped in it a year ago.

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

1 slide

Description of the slide:

Research work: Portrait gallery of characters and heroes of Gianni Rodari's fairy tale "The Adventures of Cipollino" Completed by: Zakharchenko Valeria 3 "B" class. Class teacher: Borozdina Yu.A.

2 slide

Description of the slide:

Purpose: Using the example of positive characters, to cultivate a sense of friendship, a desire to do good, the ability to come to the rescue and resist evil. Task: Compare the character, disposition of positive and negative characters. Hypothesis: Positive and negative characters are endowed with different characters.

3 slide

Description of the slide:

What is character. There are no identical people. Character, like a flower bouquet, consists of many positive and negative traits: kindness, diligence, honesty, rudeness, greed, deceit. Some are indifferent to the suffering of others, while others protect everyone. Some bravely enter the fight against evil, while others are afraid of everything.

4 slide

Description of the slide:

Chipollino is the main character, very good-natured, restless, not capricious. He never deceives anyone, keeps his word firmly and always protects the weak. Cipollino is very truthful. He is from a simple family, endowed with the best of human qualities. Cipollino helps the inhabitants of his country to free themselves from the power of a cruel prince. He is brave and knows how to find friends - a clever, fearless and resourceful girl Radish, a kind and smart boy Cherry.

5 slide

Description of the slide:

Count Cherry, nephew of Countess Cherry. He was an orphan and lived with his wealthy relatives, who did not much complain about the boy. The boy suffered from a lack of attention, love and affection. Cherry is a modest quiet boy, but at a decisive moment he could do an act worthy of a man, despite his shyness. Chipollino helped a lot in the fight for justice.

6 slide

Description of the slide:

Senior Tomato is the manager of the castle of Countess Cherries. Tomato - bright red, always dissatisfied, often angry. He speaks of goodies extremely badly and constantly scolds them. Very greedy and cruel. Tomato is obsequious to Countess Cherry and Prince Lemon, who are richer and occupy a higher position in society. He is willing to do anything to please them.

7 slide

Conclusion: Reading this tale, we experience different emotions: sympathy, indignation, delight. We see what different characters the characters have. On the example of goodies, their actions, we learn to empathize, be friends, not leave in trouble, be brave, believe in the best! Negative heroes warn us against bad deeds, from cowardice and evil.

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Institute of Pedagogy

Department of Pedagogy

Topic: “A comprehensive analysis of the fairy tale-story “The Adventures of Cipollino”

1. History of creation

3. Topics and issues

5. Main characters

6. Plot and composition

7. Artistic originality

8. The meaning of the work

1. History of creation

fairy tale rodari cipollino artistic

Cipollino appeared in 1951 in the book The Adventures of Cipollino by the Italian writer Gianni Rodari. Being an adherent of social justice and a defender of the poor, Rodari in allegorical form brought out as negative characters the Sicilian latifundist barons, large landowners, who are opposed by honest and poor people. After World War II, Gianni Rodari worked as a columnist for Unita, the newspaper of the Italian communists. In 1950 he was appointed editor of a children's magazine. In 1951 he published his first children's poetry collection, which was called "The Book of Merry Poems". And then - and his well-known fairy tale in the future. Now many people know who wrote "Cipollino". But in 1953, when the fairy tale first appeared in the USSR in the translation of Z. Potapova, few people heard about the young Italian author. But the work immediately fell in love with both young readers and literary critics. Books with drawings are published in millions of copies. And at the Soyuzmultfilm studio in 1961, they shot a cartoon based on the work. In 1973 - the film-tale "Cipollino" (where the author played himself, a storyteller-inventor). The work became so popular that it was included in the school curriculum for Soviet schoolchildren. The fairy tale has been translated into many languages ​​of the world, plays based on it, a ballet to the music of Karen Khachaturian have been staged.

Realism, epic, social fairy tale.

3. Topics and issues

The book highlights the following social issues:

1. Ordinary people are not interested in abstract goals like building a “society of universal happiness”

2. The townsfolk need specifics. As a rule, they begin to protest when they themselves are directly affected by injustice and abuse of power. For example, when they threaten to demolish their house, when they have not been paid their salaries for months. Therefore, they need to offer concrete solutions to their specific problems.

3. The main principle of grassroots movements is self-organization. Informal leaders can be nominated - people who understand this problem better than others. Chipolino, - the father said in parting, - now you are already big and you can think about yourself. Uncle Cipolla will take care of your mother and brothers, and you go wandering around the wide world, learn your wits.

How can I study? I don't have any books, and I can't afford to buy them.

It doesn't matter, life will teach. Just keep your eyes open - try to see through all sorts of rogues and swindlers, especially those who have power.

Thus leaders become leaders, whose word is law, whose decision cannot be challenged.

5. In order to create a powerful protest movement that fights not only for the interests of your home, your street, your factory, you need a network of small self-organizing groups. These groups must learn to interact with each other. Chipolino finds good true friends. And among his friends, Cherry is a representative of a hostile class. History knows many examples when representatives of the rich class went over to the side of the poor because of their political convictions.

7. What gives people participation in protest actions? First, self-respect. People begin to feel like a real power, they see that they can manage their own lives. Secondly, participants in social movements wean themselves from trusting authorities. The myths about the “good king”, about the “strong hand” that the people allegedly need, cease to work. They don't believe in them anymore. Thirdly, people gain invaluable experience of resistance. Even if something did not work out, if, for example, the strike was suppressed or not all the demands of the protesters were met, the experience will still remain! People who have already once felt like people are not so easy to force to obey.

4. Idea and pathos (ideological and emotional assessment)

The tale of Gianni Rodari is addressed not only to children, but also to adults. Unfortunately, in modern society, as many years ago, there is a tendency to treat the townsfolk with contempt. For politicians they are faceless voters, for intellectual snobs they are a stupid herd. They are unable to change their lives on their own. They were given the humiliating nickname "vegetables" and calmed down on that. But even among vegetables there are Chipolinos - and the book is dedicated to these Chipolinos. It tells in detail about how ordinary people suddenly refuse to tolerate injustice and believe the next fairy tales of officials, how they unite to fight the authorities, and how they achieve their goals.

5. Main characters

There are no human characters in this book: all the characters, like Chipolino, were raised in gardens and orchards under the gentle sun of Italy. These are the honest poor shoemaker Pumpkin and his godfather Pear, the faithful girlfriend of Chipolino, the girl Radish and the young Count Cherry, to whom communication with the cheerful children of the poor gives much more pleasure than walking accompanied by the arrogant aunts of Countess Cherries. But the evil and cruel Prince Lemon dominates all these people, whom Chipolino accidentally steps on his foot during his solemn procession through the city.

6. Plot and composition

Trying to protect his son from royal wrath, Chipolino's father takes his guilt upon himself and ends up behind bars. Now the onion boy and his friends are faced with the task of rescuing the old father from prison, and yet another drama is brewing in the town: the swaggering signor Tomato orders the destruction of the tiny house of Pumpkin, allegedly built by a shoemaker on the master's land ... and also stupid taxes ...

The work consists of twenty-nine chapters with an epilogue, there are also poetic additions "Songs" of characters.

7. Artistic originality

The story is full of characters and events. There is a whole gallery of beautiful images, both positive and negative. Beautiful, because they all very clearly show the diversity of human relationships. Although the theme of the fairy tale is not new and is similar to the theme of the works of many writers, nevertheless “Chippolino” is unique due to its artistic originality and manner of presentation. The presentation of complex material in a relaxed fairy-tale form, giving human features and characteristics to plants allows us to perceive it in an easy, playful way. I read a fairy tale translated by Z. Potapova and found it easy, which corresponds to the very genre of the book, competent and accurately attributed, bringing the Italian fairy tale closer to the perception of Russian readers.

8. The meaning of the work

Today, the worldview of teenagers is largely made up of watching American cartoons, action movies and horror stories. Such superheroes as Spiderman, Ninja Turtles, Batman become ideals for teenagers, whose heroic behavior is manifested through violence, masculinity through selfishness and vanity.

Modern children's writers offer a limited number of stereotypes of behavior that fit into just two strategies - children, in order to save their face, must either be masters of the situation, or should not even try to master it.

Gianni Rodari's book, in my opinion, is unique. It is written for children, easy and interesting to read.

Why are fairy tales immortal? Civilizations die, peoples disappear, and their stories, the wisdom of fairy tales and legends come to life again and again and excite us. What kind of attractive force is hidden in the depths of their story? Why are fairy tales as loved in the modern world as they were many centuries ago?

Every nation has many wonderful and interesting tales. They reflect the life of the people. People dream of a better fate, and fight the oppressors. Even in ancient times, the people invented and orally passed on to their descendants wonderful fantastic dreams of goodness and justice.

The story is full of characters and events. There is a whole gallery of beautiful images, both positive and negative. Beautiful, because they all very clearly show the diversity of human relationships. The adventures of the onion boy make us laugh, worry. We sincerely rejoice in the small and big victories of Cipollino and his friends. We rejoice because the main character and his friends are upholding justice. They arouse our sympathy, because they are endowed with such qualities as kindness, mutual assistance, greed, cruelty, indifference are alien to them.

The fairy tale teaches good, forces to act in difficult circumstances. Even children at any age have difficult circumstances. The author teaches his reader not to give up, to fight, to be strong and enduring.

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The characters of "The Adventures of Cipollino" are anthropomorphic vegetables and fruits: the shoemaker Grape, godmother Pumpkin, the girl Radish, the boy Cherry, etc. The main character is the onion boy Cipollino, who fights against the oppression of the poor by the rich - Signor Tomato, Prince of Lemon. There are no human characters in the story, since the world of people is completely replaced by the world of fruits and vegetables.