Knight for an hour analysis of Nekrasov’s poem. Analysis of the poem “Knight for an Hour” by Nekrasov Lesson notes from Nekrasov, Knight for an Hour

Analysis of the poem “Knight for an Hour” shows a sincere, conscientious confession of the lyrical hero, who completely bares his soul to the reader. Below we will take a closer look at all aspects of the prayer poem.

History of creation

In 1860, N. A. Nekrasov decided to write a long autobiographical poem, “A Knight for an Hour.” The main character in it bore the surname Valezhnikov. But only the first part was created - “On the Volga” - and the second, which we will consider. The confessional poem “A Knight for an Hour,” which will be analyzed below, initially had the title “Insomnia.” It was written in 1862 and published in Sovremennik with cuts for censorship reasons in 1863. These were difficult years for the poet. Belinsky and Dobrolyubov have already died. The poet moves away from the liberals and moves closer to the revolutionary democratic movement. But it was destroyed, Mikhailov and Chernyshevsky were exiled to Siberia. The lonely lyrical hero faces only “good impulses.” He is not ready for a difficult struggle, the author notes bitterly, and cannot accomplish anything. The poem was created after N. Nekrasov visited the village of Greshnevo, where he spent his childhood.

Genre of the poem

“Song of Repentance” - that’s what A.N. Nekrasov called his deep and bitter confession-pleading. It contains elegiac, satirical and lyrical notes. Nekrasov is the first writer to combine these motifs in one work.

Composition and theme of the work

The title is the key to the theme of the poem “Knight for an Hour,” which we have to analyze. In the 60s, the Sovremennik magazine split into two parts: liberal and revolutionary-democratic, which called for active struggle. N. Nekrasov supported the commoners. An analysis of the poem “A Knight for an Hour” shows that the author blamed himself first of all personally, and then his contemporaries (“insignificant tribe”) for not being sufficiently devoted to the struggle for the freedom of the oppressed people: many beautiful and correct words were said, but for they don't care about real things. His “mind is yearning,” and no one is ready for a difficult struggle. The beginning of the poem is insomnia that overcomes the lyrical hero.

The first part is a forced walk on a late autumn night.

The second takes him to distant native places, and the image of his long-deceased mother appears before him.

In conclusion, waking up in the morning, the hero realizes that he is unprepared for a difficult struggle: the flame of youth has awakened, but a “mocking inner voice” angrily advises one to submit to fate, since there is no strength for deeds.

The theme is revealed as a confession, as repentance for inactivity.

The main idea: knowing your purpose, you should not give in to a momentary impulse, but act systematically and purposefully for the sake of social transformation.

First part

The seven-line introduction explains why the “knight for an hour” does not sleep. An analysis of his feelings demonstrates that, as in nature, darkness has reigned over the soul, the mind is sad, and there is only one way out - to go for a walk in the cold.

And so he came out. It's a frosty night. Observation of nature rejuvenated the hero's soul. He is occupied by everything he sees, and he is glad that tonight he will not languish.

Footsteps ring loudly in the silence as he steps across the wide field. The geese on the pond woke up, and a young hawk took off smoothly from the stack. You can hear the cart driving, and it smells slightly of tar. It is joyful to walk while your legs are strong. My thoughts were refreshed. The knight surrendered to the power of the surrounding cheerful nature for an hour. An analysis of the continuation of the feelings that took possession of the lyrical hero shows that he is filled with a feeling of freedom, but then his conscience spoke to him. He's chasing her. On this moonlit, quiet night it is good to admire the clean, deep, transparent distance, the moon, the waters, the whimsical shadows of the white moonlight, and the stacks that surrounded the village. In the bitter reality, alone with cruel thoughts, the knight again finds himself for an hour. Analysis says that he is mentally transported far away, to his mother’s grave.

Second part

Behind the village, on a low mountain, he sees an old church. He mentally sees how the old bell ringer climbs the bell tower and counts the bell strokes after him. Midnight. Mother's grave.

The soul dear to the lyrical hero hovers there invisibly. The knight begs her to appear with him for an hour (Nekrasov). Analysis of the poem shows how hard his mother lived her life. Unloved by her husband, she lived not for herself, but for the children, she prayed for them, beautiful, with blond hair and blue eyes, to God. She urged him to be merciful to them, without thinking about himself. The poet painted her noble image. The lyrical hero wants to burden her with his sadness again and asks for forgiveness for this. But he dies, a knight for an hour (Nekrasov). Analysis of the poem shows the depth of his suffering, and the request for maternal love is not empty words for him. He asks his beloved beautiful mother to again set him on the right path from which he has lost his way, to help him once again take the thorny road of truth, and asks her for forgiveness. He himself will not be able to do this: he is too deeply sucked in by the unclean mud, petty passions and thoughts. This makes the knight unhappy for an hour (Nekrasov). The analysis of the work that we are doing opened the mother’s heart completely, and the hero is now ready to prove by death that he knew how to love, and a timid heart beat in his chest: he despised enemies and envious people, did not bow his head to them.

Final lines

The epilogue of the hero who woke up in the morning is filled with despondency, regret and self-contempt. Nothing will change in his life.

And he realizes this with pain in his heart.

Analysis of the verse “Knight for an Hour” (Nekrasov)

The poet used the three-foot anapest when writing the poem. It is easy to read, as its speech is close to colloquial. The landscape part is written using bright epithets, metaphors, and alliteration using the “l” sound. The image of the mother is drawn using epithets. The title of the poem is also metaphorical. It emphasizes that a person forgets about the noble goals set in his youth.

“Knight for an Hour”(1862). This lyrical work by Nekrasov is written about filial love for his mother, which develops into repentant love for his homeland. The poem is permeated with national, Orthodox Christian confessional motifs. The poet felt the inevitable tragedy and doom of the dream of a revolutionary feat in Russia:

Good impulses are destined for you,

But nothing can be accomplished...

The poem depicts a tangible landscape of a quiet moonlit night, which sharply contrasts with the poet’s “inner voice”:

The distance is deeply transparent, pure,

A full month floats over the oak tree,

And the colors that dominate the sky are blue, whitish, and purple.

The waters shine brightly among the fields,

And the earth is whimsically dressed In waves of white moonlight And patterned, strange shadows.

Glossary:

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Composition

N. A Nekrasov grew up in the village of Greshnevo, Yaroslavl province, in the basin of the great Russian Volga River. From early childhood, he spent a lot of time in nature: in the fields, in the forests - and loved it very much (specifically Russian nature). He lived in her, breathed her and could not imagine his life without her. His father was very selfish and cruel to his family members, including his mother. Elena Andreevna (his mother) was very tolerant of everything and, in order to smooth out the sadness, gave all her love to the children. Unable to withstand the hardships of life, she died early. This was a real blow for Nekrasov: He lost the person closest to him.
His poem is written in the same way as the life events described above: it also consists of two logical parts, the first part talks about nature, the second about mother. The first part begins with a sad description of autumn nature: “If the day is cloudy, if the night is not bright, / If the autumn wind is raging, / ... / The mind, inactive, sluggishly yearns,” contrastingly turning into joy from the beauty of nature considered by him: “Thank God! frosty night - / I won’t languish today. / I walk across a wide field, / My steps ring loudly...” The author is very keen on describing nature, his love for it and the infinity of this love, he shows how dear nature is to him. Here romance awakens in him: bizarre shadows, visions, moonlight awaken his imagination, make him dream of something lofty. He becomes cheerful, becomes younger, and for a while he is visited by a feeling of happiness: “You involuntarily surrender to the power / of the surrounding cheerful nature; / … / And a great feeling of freedom / Fills the obsolete chest...” Gradually, the author moves on to the theme of the Russian village, which is beautiful, even despite its poverty: “Your naked poverty is not visible! / Stocked up on stacks, dear, / ... / Wish her a restful sleep - / Our nurse is tired!..”
Recently there were exclamatory sentences, the author was writing about nature, when sad memories came upon him, the author had nowhere to go (they had very serious consequences and could not help but come to his mind in the presence of so many hints): “Sleep, who can, - I can’t sleep, / I stand quietly, without making a noise, / ... / And I involuntarily think a thought...”, “This night I would like to cry / At a distant grave, / Where my poor mother lies...”. The author needs help, mainly from his mother, and he wants to talk to her, wants to ask God to provide this: the image of a church came to his mind: “Behind the village, on a low mountain, / All white, all visible in the moonlight, / The old church seems to be to me…". Thus began the second part of the poem. In it, the author talks about his endless love for his mother, as well as shame in front of his mother, asks her to come to him from that world and help: “See me, darling! / Appear as a light shadow for a moment! / You’ve lived your whole life unloved, / You’ve lived your whole life for others...” The author uses the technique of antithesis to emphasize the complexity of his mother’s life, that every good deed she did was answered (including by God) with injustice. He describes her as “the purest deity,” respecting and loving her very much: “With an unearthly expression in her eyes, / Fair-haired, blue-eyed, / With quiet sadness on her pale lips, / Majestically silent under a thunderstorm...”. The author needs help; he realizes that only his mother can provide it to him, that neither regretful friends nor slanderous enemies will replace her in this; He needs her, she is his closest person. He calls on her to heaven for help: “...I am perishing - and for the sake of salvation / I call on your love! / I sing to you a song of repentance, / So that your meek eyes / Will wash away with a hot tear of suffering, / All my shameful stains!..” Nekrasov wants to meet his mother after death in the next world, because he does not find another way to communicate with her: “The one whose life was uselessly broken, / Can still prove by death, / That his heart did not beat timidly, / That he could be in love…".
The third, final part comes, and the author wakes up from night visions, thoughts, understands that he is a “weak child,” that he is very strong, but cannot use his strength, the massive release of force is over, he has grown: “Everything that is in the heart boiled, struggled, / All the rays of the pale heart frightened away, / And the mocking inner voice / began to sing its evil song...” In the poem, the poet regrets unfulfilled dreams, lost time, the hopelessness of his situation, and the impossibility of changing the world for the better. The poem is written in an anapest, which gives the poem length and bitterness. I really like this poem because it is written very sincerely and simply, fully conveying the author’s feelings and experiences.

The work of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov “A Knight for an Hour” reveals the author’s emotional experiences. In many ways, this is a poem of repentance by a poet who was disillusioned with his own ideals. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with a brief analysis of “A Knight for an Hour” according to a plan that will be useful to 10th grade students in preparing for a literature lesson.

Brief Analysis

History of creation– The verse was written in 1862. The author was prompted to create it by disappointment in previous ideals and life positions.

Theme of the poem– Confession of the lyrical hero, his repentance for his own inactivity.

Composition– The composition of the poem is simple, consists of three parts. In the first part, the lyrical hero admires the night landscape, in the second he indulges in sorrowful memories of his deceased mother, in the third he admits his own powerlessness.

Genre– Elegy

Poetic size- Three-foot anapest.

Metaphors- « revived chest", "waves of white moonlight»

Epithets – « cloudy", "cheerful", "late».

Personifications- « the wind is raging”, “the mind is inactive”, “darkness reigns».

History of creation

Fate did not spoil Nikolai Alekseevich too much. His father was a cruel, despotic man who tyrannized not only the servants, but also his own household. It was especially hard on the poet’s mother, Elena Andreevna, who gave all her love and tenderness to the children. Unable to tolerate domestic violence, young Nekrasov left his father’s house early, for which his father was deprived of his inheritance.

Left without a livelihood, Nikolai Alekseevich was forced to lead a miserable lifestyle. However, difficult trials did not break the young man: on the contrary, thanks to them, his own civic position crystallized. However, over time, the poet began to become disillusioned with his ideas, realizing that they did not find support in society.

In his work “A Knight for an Hour,” written in 1862, Nekrasov tries to analyze why he betrayed the ideals in which he sacredly believed in his youth. Initially, the poem had a different title - “Insomnia”.

According to the poet’s plan, “Knight for an Hour” was supposed to become part of an autobiographical poem, but this did not happen, and the work received the status of a separate poem. It was published in 1863 in the Sovremennik magazine.

Subject

The central theme of the work is the sincere repentance of the lyrical hero for his own inactivity. Having gone through a thorny path in life, in his mature years he completely reevaluates his values ​​and ideals, in which he previously so sacredly believed.

A lyrical description of nature and enjoyment of the night landscape allows the hero to open up, express his own experiences and thoughts caused by a feeling of deep repentance. He is honest with himself, his conscience, and the hero’s words contain contempt for himself.

The lyrical hero compares himself to a knight for one hour, who is ready for decisive action solely in words, but in reality turns out to be a pathetic and weak-willed coward.

Composition

The composition of the work is simple, dividing the poem into three large parts.

• First part- an introduction that includes the reflections of the lyrical hero. He admires the beauty of the autumn landscape and describes the charm of a moonlit night. The romantic landscape perfectly emphasizes the hero’s mood: in the light of the moon he feels happy, strong, inspired.
• Second part the poem, on the contrary, is full of sadness and sadness. The lyrical hero indulges in memories of his deceased mother, who was the closest and most beloved person to him. In essence, this is the confession of the lyrical hero, who sincerely asks his mother for forgiveness and support.
• In the final part the lyrical hero returns to reality. He admits that he is no longer capable of accomplishing feats and turns to the topic of the weak and weak-willed younger generation.

Genre

The work “A Knight for an Hour” is written in the genre of elegy. It also contains elements of landscape lyrics, an epic plot, and a portrait.

The poetic meter is a three-foot anapest, with the exception of the first four-foot line. In the poem there is an alternation of masculine and adjacent rhymes; some lines remain without rhyme.

Means of expression

The author conveys the entire palette of his emotional experiences using a variety of artistic means, including metaphors(“revived chest”, “waves of white moonlight”), epithets(“cloudy”, “cheerful”, “late”), personifications(“the wind is raging”, “the mind is inactive”, “darkness reigns”).

Poem test

Rating Analysis

Average rating: 4.6. Total ratings received: 14.

The poem “A Knight for an Hour” was written in 1862 and published in No. 1-2 of Sovremennik for 1863. It was originally called “Insomnia.”

The poem reflected Nekrasov’s impressions from his stay in Greshnev and Abakumtsevo, where Nekrasov’s mother was buried behind the fence of the Church of Peter and Paul.

Dostoevsky believed that "A Knight for an Hour" was a masterpiece of Nekrasov's work. Nekrasov himself always read it excitedly, “with tears in his voice.”

Literary direction, genre

“A Knight for an Hour” is a penitential poem by the realist poet Nekrasov, close in genre to elegy. It contains elements of landscape, portrait, lamentation, and an epic plot. The poem "Knight for an Hour" was supposed to be part of a poem that was never written.

Theme, main idea and composition

The poem begins with the insomnia of the lyrical hero caused by the autumn weather (introduction).

The main part describes the hero’s walk on a frosty night. He observes the life of the village at night, enjoys the surrounding sounds (the noise made by birds, the knock of a passing cart and the ringing of his own steps), smells (tar from the cart). The vivacity of nature is transmitted to the lyrical hero. Contemplation of the rural landscape, the view of a village surrounded by stacks, puts one in a philosophical mood, and the lyrical hero’s thoughts fly away to the church where his mother is buried.

The hero mentally overcomes space: “What I am separated from by a huge space - everything lives in front of me.” He appeals to the shadow of his deceased mother, remembers her unhappy life, and recalls her portrait. The image of the mother appears to the lyrical hero, and he confesses his life and asks to guide him on the true path, the active path of love.

Waking up in the morning, the lyrical hero realizes his powerlessness, his inability to act (conclusion).

The theme of the poem is the confession of the lyrical hero, repentance for inactivity.

The main idea: it is not enough to realize your purpose and succumb to a momentary impulse; The thorny path of love is perseverance and fearlessness in achieving the goal.

Paths and images

In the introduction, Nekrasov uses personifications and metaphors to describe the state of nature and the lyrical hero: the wind rages, darkness reigns, the mind is inactive.

The hero’s internal state, which has changed under the influence of the journey through the winter frost, is described using metaphors ( a great feeling of freedom fills the revived chest, the soul boils with thirst for action, conscience begins to sing its song) and epithets ( sense of smell is subtle, thoughts are fresh, legs are resilient). Here appears the motive for the active life that the soul requires. At the end of the poem he is remembered again as unrealized.

Nekrasov paints the landscape (sleeping nature) using epithets and metaphorical epithets: a quiet, moonlit night, the distance is deeply transparent, clean, a full month, patterned strange shadows, the finest webs of cobwebs, sleepy cornfields, a playing, clear moon, a cloudy oak, a cheerful maple, a heavy raven, an old spruce, late autumn, illuminated meadows. Colors are important in a landscape. Although it happens at night, the colors are bright: the sky is blue, whitish and purple, the earth is dressed “in waves of white moonlight” (metaphor), red stripes of buckwheat, green winter, a golden valley under the ice.

The lyrical hero’s thoughts about his mother and her grave are brought about by the association with his motherland, his native village-nurse, which the hero remembers. Both the homeland and the native village, stocked with haystacks for the winter, are personified. The hero is transported in his mind's eye to the church where his mother is buried.

In the description of the church, contrasts are important: the white wall - and the black shadow of the old bell-ringer, the decrepit old man - and his enormously great shadow across half the plain, the silence of the night - and the sound of the bell ringing 12 times.

Evoking the image of his mother, “a deity of purest love,” the lyrical hero confesses to him. The portrait of the mother is written with epithets: “fair-haired, blue-eyed, with quiet sadness on her pale lips”, majestically silent, young, beautiful, pale-faced.

The lyrical hero asks to take him to the thorny road along which those who perish for the great cause of love walk(metaphor). He comes to the conclusion that only by death can he prove his courage and love (as his mother did, suffering for her children). The rhythmic break indicates that the hero’s prayer was continued.

But in the morning there was no trace left of the lyrical hero’s determination. He is weak and afraid, obeying the convictions of his inner voice that good impulses will not lead to action.

The title of the poem is a metaphorical description of a person who refuses to achieve noble goals under the influence of life's difficulties, only occasionally remembering them, and such are almost all people.

Meter and rhyme

The poem is written in trimeter anapest (the first line is in tetrameter). The speech is close to colloquial. Female rhyme alternates with male rhyme, ring and cross rhymes alternate unordered, some lines remain without rhyme, logical stress falls on them.

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• “Farewell”, analysis of Nekrasov’s poem