Presentation on the topic "Anglicisms". Presentation on the topic "Anglicisms in the Russian language" List of used literature

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Definition of Anglicisms Reasons for borrowing Anglicisms Methods of forming Anglicisms (Part I) Methods of forming Anglicisms (Part II) Conclusion on methods of forming Anglicisms Classification of Anglicisms: - Thematic groups - Words of foreign origin that have synonyms in Russian Social survey and its results

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Definition of Anglicism

A word or figure of speech in any language, borrowed from English or modeled on English

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Reasons for borrowing Anglicisms

1. The need to name new objects, concepts and phenomena (laptop, organizer, scanner). 2. The need to express polysemantic descriptive phrases using anglicism (thermal pot - a thermos and a kettle in one, peeling - a cream that removes the top layer of skin, a quiz radio - or a television game of questions and answers on various topics with prizes). 3. Replenishment of the language with more expressive means (image - instead of image, price list - instead of price list, show performance). 4. Perception of a foreign word as more prestigious (presentation - instead of presentation, exclusive - instead of exceptional). 5. Lack of a corresponding (more accurate) name. 15% of the newest Anglicisms have firmly entered the business person’s dictionary precisely due to the lack of a corresponding name in the receptor language (sponsor, spray, virtual). 6. The need to specify the meaning of the word (hamburger sandwich, fishburger, chickenburger, killer - professional killer).

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Methods of forming Anglicisms (Part I)

1) Direct borrowings. The word is found in Russian in approximately the same form and with the same meaning as in the original language. These are words such as weekend - weekend, mani - money. 2) Hybrids. These words are formed by adding a Russian suffix, prefix and ending to a foreign root. In this case, the meaning of the foreign word - source often changes somewhat, for example: ask (to ask), buzz (busy - restless, fussy). 3) Tracing paper. Words of foreign origin, used while maintaining their phonetic and graphic appearance. These are words such as menu, password, disk, virus, club. 4) Words that, when mastered grammatically, obey the rules of Russian grammar (suffixes are added). For example: drive - drive (drive) “There hasn’t been such a drive for a long time” - in the meaning of “energy”.

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Methods of forming Anglicisms (Part II)

5 Exoticisms. Words that characterize the specific national customs of other peoples and are used to describe non-Russian reality. A distinctive feature of these words is that they do not have Russian synonyms. For example: chips, hot dog, cheeseburger. 6) Foreign language inclusions. These words usually have lexical equivalents, but are stylistically different from them and are fixed in one or another area of ​​communication as an expressive means that gives speech a special expression. For example: okay (ok), wow (wow). 7) Composites. Words consisting of two English words, for example: second-hand - a store selling used clothing; video salon – a room for watching films. 8) Jargon. Words that appeared as a result of the distortion of some sounds, for example: crazy (crazy).

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Conclusion on the methods of forming Anglicisms

Thus, neologisms can be formed according to models existing in the language, borrowed from other languages, or appear as a result of the development of new meanings for already known words.

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Classification of Anglicisms

The most frequently occurring words can be divided into several groups; I. Thematic groups. II. Words of foreign origin that have synonyms in Russian.

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Thematic groups

I. Words-terms: 1) Economic terms: - Dumping – “decrease, reduction”, from the English damping, one of the meanings of which is “jamming, braking”. - Offshore – meaning “free”, from the English off-shore “located at a distance from the shore, in the open sea.” - Roaming – “distribution, the possibility of widespread use”, from English to roam “to wander, to wander.” 2) Political terms: - Speaker - chairman of parliament, from English speaker - “speaker”. - Rating - “assessment”, from the English rating - “assessment, assignment to a particular class.” 3) Terms related to computer technology, for example: - Site - from the English site - “location, location”. - File – from the English file - “registrar, dossier, case.” II. The names of some household items: - Mixer - from the English mixer - “mixing apparatus or device.” - Toaster - from the English toaster - “a device for toasting.” - Shaker - from the English shaker - “vessel for preparing cocktails.” III. Sports terms. - Diving - underwater swimming, from English to dive - “dive, plunge into water.” - Skateboard - skating on a board with roller skates, from the English skate - “skating, sliding” and “board” board.

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Words of foreign origin that have synonyms in Russian

I. Names of some phenomena of musical culture. - Single is a song recorded separately, from the English single - one, the only one. - Remake (remake) – remake, from the English remake in the same meaning. II. The name of some professions, types of activity. - Security - protection, from the English security - safety, protection. - Provider – supplier, from the English provider with the same meaning. III. Terms used in cosmetology. - Lifting - tightening, from the English lifting - rise. - Scrub - cream for exfoliating, cleaning the skin, from English to scrub - to scratch.

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Social survey and its results

During the ascertaining stage of the empirical research, we tried to find out their attitude towards the object of study through questionnaires and interviews with students. The empirical study involved 80 students in grades 10-11 of Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 4 in the city of Orsk. Students were asked to answer questions in a questionnaire developed by us based on the literature studied.

Research project in English on the topic

"Anglicisms in the Russian language"

Work completed:

student of grade 9 "B"

Chirkova Anastasia

Project Manager:

English teacher,

Chesnokova A.V.

1. Introduction

2. Theoretical part

2.1. Methods of forming borrowings

2.2. Classification of foreign words by spheres of communication

3. Practical part

3.1. Research into the reasons for the use of Anglicisms among young people

3.2. Study of the attitude of subjects to the use of Anglicisms in the speech of schoolchildren

4. Conclusion

5. Application

Target of this work is to study the degree of penetration of Anglicisms into the speech of modern schoolchildren.

Controversial questions about the role of English borrowings in the modern Russian language, or rather in the everyday speech of young people, have become the main relevance of this work.

Object research – lexical units and their derivatives.

To achieve this goal I need to solve the following research tasks:

1.Analyze theoretical materials related to the research topic.

2.Expand and deepen knowledge of the English language.

3.Identify the reasons for borrowing.

4. Consider ways of forming borrowings.

5. Classify borrowings according to areas of communication.

6. Conduct a survey of 9th grade students in order to find out the attitude of schoolchildren to the phenomenon under study.

7. Compile a dictionary of the borrowings most commonly used by schoolchildren.

To solve the assigned problems, a complex was used methods:

1) theoretical (study and comprehension of literature on questions about Anglicisms);

2) observation;

3) sociological (conversation, survey);

2 Theoretical part

Methods of forming anglicisms.

Let us first turn to the question of ways of forming Anglicisms. Having analyzed and comprehended excerpts from the works of famous linguists and philologists (M.A. Breiter, A.I. Dyakov and many others), we can distinguish the following groups of foreign borrowings:

1)Direct borrowings – such borrowings in which the word occurs in the Russian language in approximately the same form and with the same meaning as in the English language. For example: - day off; - money.

2)Exoticisms - words that characterize the specific national customs of other peoples. A distinctive feature of these words is that they do not have Russian synonyms. For example: chips - chips, hot-dog - hot dog, cheeseburger - cheeseburger.

3)Foreign language inclusions – words that have lexical equivalents that are fixed in one or another environment of speech in order to show the expressiveness of the speaker’s speech. For example: ok - okay; wow - wow.

4) Jargonisms- words that appeared as a result of distortion of any sounds. For example: crazy (crazy).

2.2. Classification of foreign words by spheres of communication.

Now let’s look at the classification of Anglicisms in accordance with the spheres of communication in society:

1) Economy. In this area there are such borrowed words as investment, marketing, price list, manager, boss, chief.

2) Sport. Those words to which we are so accustomed, it turns out, came to us from English. These are words such as athlete, football, bodybuilding, fitness, referee, match, goal.

3) Technique. New names are being invented for technologies, and these names are spoken in English. The words: computer, laptop, scanner, organizer - came to us from the English language (blender, printer, copier, mixer, photoshop).

4)Power, policy. In recent years, foreign words have appeared in the political vocabulary of the Russian language. For example, prime minister, deputy prime minister, president.

Practical part.

Study of the reasons for the use of Anglicisms among young people.

Now let's move from theory to the practical part of my project. After carefully observing the speech of my classmates, teachers and friends, I came to the conclusion that borrowed words have become an integral part of our communication and are firmly entrenched in it. As my observation has shown, the most popular sources of replenishing the vocabulary of young people are such areas as the media (Internet), technology (computer technology), pop culture (cinema, music). As a rule, borrowings belong to different groups. The use of direct borrowings (laptop, boyfriend, flash drive, DJ) can be explained by the fact that many Anglicisms in our speech cannot be changed, and there is no need. Some of the most used words in schoolchildren’s speech are words related to hybrids and foreign language inclusions, so many people already mistake these words for being borrowed only in the deep subconscious.

In order to identify the features, as well as the reasons for the use of foreign words by schoolchildren in their everyday speech, I compiled a social questionnaire, in which 43 people took part. The children were asked to answer questions about whether they use Anglicisms in their speech, if so, how often and why. The results I obtained were summarized in three general diagrams for all questions.

According to the analysis of these diagrams, it can be said that 93% of schoolchildren use borrowed words in their everyday speech, because they help them clearly, clearly and quickly express the meaning of a descriptive phrase (86%), or because the Russian language does not have such a concept ( eleven%).

In addition to the survey questions, participants were asked to name the borrowed words that they most often use in their speech. I also displayed the results obtained in a table.

Conclusion

The purpose of this study, as mentioned above, is to study the degree of penetration of English slang into the speech of modern schoolchildren. The data obtained during the study confirm my assumption about the widespread use of English words and slang in the Russian language in general, and in the speech of schoolchildren in particular.

List of used literature

1) Breiter M.A. Anglicisms in the Russian language: history and prospects. - Vladivostok, 2004.

2) Dyakov A.I. Reasons for the intensive borrowing of Anglicisms in the modern Russian language. // Language and culture. - Novosibirsk, 2004.

3) Krysin L.P. Foreign words in modern Russian. - M., 2008.

4) New English-Russian dictionary / Ed. V.K. Muller. - 9th ed. - M., 2006.

5) Dictionary of foreign words / Ed. V.V. Burtseva, N.M. Semenova. - M., 2005.

Questionnaire

Do you use borrowed words in your speech?

Why do you use them?

a) there is no such concept in the Russian language;

b) with their help it is easier and faster for me to explain what I want to say;

c) for me, English words are more expressive than Russian words;

3. How often do you use English words in everyday speech?

a) always

b) sometimes

c) never

List of the most used borrowings among 9th grade students of MBOU “Gymnasium No. 8”

Methods of forming Anglicisms Direct borrowings: weekend - weekend; black - black; mani - money. Tracing paper: menu, password, disk, virus, club, sarcophagus. Semi-calculation: drive-drive (drive) “There hasn’t been such a drive for a long time” - in the meaning of “fuse, energy.” Composites: second-hand - a store selling used clothing; video salon - room for watching films. Exoticisms: chips, hot-dog, cheeseburger. Foreign language inclusions: okay (OK); wow (Wow!).

Anglicisms and the media: 1. Words that have synonyms in the Russian language and are often incomprehensible to people, for example: monitoring is a synonym for “observation”. 2. Words that usually do not have synonyms in Russian. They have taken root a long time ago, everyone understands them, and many people don’t even think about the fact that these words came to us from the English language, for example: athlete, football, problem. 3.Words printed in newspapers in English, in English letters. These words are even more incomprehensible to most people, for example: Non-stop.

With the development of computer technology, English words are increasingly replenishing the vocabulary of schoolchildren: Motherboard (motherboard) - “mother” CD-Rom Drive (laser disk drive) - young people now have the equivalent of “sidyushnik”. The exclamation “Wow!” has become very common among young people, expressing the emotion of amazement or delight. Drive - meaning “fuse”, “energy”.

We also conducted a sociological survey among residents of Lesosibirsk. We asked the question: Are you satisfied with the abundance of foreign words of English origin in the media? 96 people were interviewed. Among them are people of different ages. Our survey gave the following results: 60% - no; 25% - yes; 15% - I don't know.

Conclusion The relevance of the study is that the consideration of problems associated with the theory and practice of borrowings is especially significant in modern conditions, since today serious concerns are being expressed about the powerful influx of borrowings, which can lead to the devaluation of the Russian word. The practical value of this work is that this material can be used in the process of teaching English in schools.

Conclusion The relevance of the study is that the consideration of problems associated with the theory and practice of borrowings is especially significant in modern conditions, since today serious concerns are being expressed about the powerful influx of borrowings, which can lead to the devaluation of the Russian word. The practical value of this work is that this material can be used in the process of teaching English in schools.

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Poem by A.S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin” 1. He had his hair cut in the latest fashion, dressed like a London dandy - And finally saw the light. 2. Before him is a bloody roast-beef And shoes, the luxury of youth. French cuisine has the best color. 3. Because it was not always possible to pour a bottle of Beaf-steaks and Strasbourg pie with Champagne. 4. Like Child Harold, gloomy, languid, He appeared in living rooms... 5. And for a long time my heart was sad, “Poor Yorick,” he said sadly. 6. Read, here's Pradt, here's Walter Scott. If you don't want to, check the consumption... 7. That which is autocratic in fashion In high London circles is called Vulgar.

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*blog *blogger *browser *login *spam Information technology

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Cinema *horror *blockbuster *US Western *prime time *cyborg

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*base jumping *zorbing *kickboxing *paintball *surfing *fitness Sports

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Business, trade and economics * bestseller * business * businessman * marketing * price list * default

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Fashion *brand *top *body shirt *topless * hand-made

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Everyday life *mixer *shaker *toaster *fast food *hot dog

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Methods of forming Anglicisms 1. Direct borrowings: weekend - weekend; black - black; mani - money 2. Hybrids: ask (to ask - ask), buzz (busy - restless, fussy) 3. Tracing paper: menu, password, disk, virus, club, sarcophagus 4. Semi-tracing paper: drive - drive (drive) “Long ago there was no such drive” - in the meaning of “fuse, energy” 5. Exoticisms: chips (chips), hot dog (hot-dog), cheeseburger (cheeseburger) 6. Foreign language inclusions: okay (OK); wow (Wow!) 7. Composites: second-hand - a store selling used clothing; video salon - a room for watching films 8. Jargons: escape - leave, escape somewhere (from English to escape - disappear)

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Social survey “Do you use Anglicisms in everyday speech?”

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Social survey “Does the abundance of Anglicisms in the modern Russian language irritate you?”

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Social survey “Anglicisms enrich our language, make it richer and better, or do they impoverish the Russian language, distorting and perverting it?” People who assessed the role of Anglicisms positively People who expressed a negative opinion

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Anglicisms used by schoolchildren emphasize their superiority over others. Foreign words in students’ speech can play the role of original quotations: a term can be quoted, deliberately played out, or distorted. Many words are formed by subtracting, adding, or moving some sounds in the original English term. Schoolchildren's speech easily incorporates English units. With the development of computer technology, English words are increasingly replenishing the vocabulary of schoolchildren. But in our colloquial speech, the use of borrowed words is not always appropriate. Of course, there is nothing wrong with borrowing itself. However, the meaning of these words must be clear to both the speaker and the listener, and their use must be appropriate and justified. Anglicisms in the lives of schoolchildren

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Appendix No. 1 Modern Anglicisms Economics Fashion Medicine Summit Cardigan Implant Barter Stretch Herbal medicine Default Batnik Hospice Marketing Swinger Euthanasia Monetarism Top Pacemaker Offshore Implant Promoter Suicide Price list Futures exchange Art Body art Art design Performance Florism Remake Track Thriller Rep

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Modern Anglicisms Informatics Parapsychology Other areas of life Browser Intergeist Water park Joystick Psychic ATM Internet Astral body Blockbuster Website Telekinesis Boyfriend E-mail Drive Interactive Image maker Multimedia Creative Online Sports Mass media File Arm wrestling Millennium Display Biker Nomination Interface Kickboxing Puzzle Scanner Bodybuilding Piercing Prin ter Promoter Portfolio Laptop Skateboard Teenager Provider Snowboard Skinheads Mountain biking Talk show Softball Shop Weekend

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1. Words are terms of an international nature: problem, factor, concert, office, uniform, credit, sprinter, center, service, reform, farmer, protest, transport, system, object, telephone, garage, plastic, information, interview, business, fireworks, crime, leader, champion, medal, dialogue, company, statistics, maximum, conference, material, conflict, complex, organization, conference, national, etc. 2. Words that have synonyms in Russian: Reconstruction ( from the English reconstruction) - restructuring Phyto - center (from the English fit) - slender, healthy Presentation (from the English presentation) - presentation Design (from the English design) - drawing, sketch, pattern Teenager (from the English teenager) - teenager Department (from the English department) - department Constructive (from the English constructive) - creative Deficit (from the English deficit) - shortage Region (from the English region) - area Season (from the English season) - time of year Communications (from the English English communication) - message Exclusive (from English exclusive) - exclusive Subsidy (from English. subsidy) - subsidy 3. Words whose meaning is unclear to most native speakers: Piercing (from the English piercing) - puncture, injection Hospice (from the English hospice) - shelter, almshouse Multiplex (from the English multiplex) - multiplex complex Prolongation (from English prolongation) - extension, postponement Appendix No. 2 Anglicisms found in the newspaper "Extra-M"

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Absolute – absolute – complete, pure (fool). Body art. – body – art – the art of the physique. Biker - biker - cyclist. Boyfriend - boyfriend - beloved, friend. Bowling - bowling - roll balls. Wow – wow – delight, amazement. Group – group – a collection. Dealer - dealer - intermediary. Drive – drive – fuse, energy. Display – display – show, exhibition. Dilit – delete – erase. Disc jockey - disk jockey - (announcer) presenting a program compiled from a sound recording. Crossword - crossword - crossword. Comfort - comfort - convenience. Lovelace - love lace - red tape, seducer of women. Makeup – make up – makeup. Object - object to which attention is directed. Okay - ok - good. Pager – a mobile device for receiving and sending messages. Pressing – pressing – pressure. Schoolchild's Dictionary Appendix No. 3

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Present – ​​present – ​​gift. Player – player – tape recorder with headphones. Project – project – preliminary text of a document. Puzzle - puzzle - puzzle. Pointer – painter – pointer (breed of dog). Risk – risk – probability of failure. Scandal – scandal – slander, gossip. Skinhead – skin – head – shaven-headed. Superman - superman - super - man. Site – site – location. Syrup – syrup – concentrated sugar solution. Soundtrack - soundtrack - sound track. Skateboard - skate - board - slide on the board. Topic – top – to cover (on top). Toilet – toilet – restroom. Oops - ups - success. Fact – fact – actual event, phenomenon. Factor – factor – a moment in some process. Fan - fan - admirer. Favorite - favorite - favorite. Check – check – number, receipt. Shaping – shaping – giving shape. Schoolchild's dictionary

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Crossword Horizontal: 1.Teenager 2.Music that accompanies a film 3.An Internet diary 4.A book that sells well 5.A person who knows how to attract the attention of the public Vertical: 1.Strike 2.Horror film 3.Price list 4.Exception from normal activities 5. Rework 1 2 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 5

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