Analysis of Batyushkov's poem “My genius. Konstantin Nikolaevich Batyushkov. "My genius Size and rhyme

Oh memory of the heart! You are stronger
Reason of sad memory
And often with your sweetness
You captivate me in a distant country.
I remember the voice of sweet words
I remember blue eyes
I remember golden curls
Carelessly curly hair.
My shepherdess incomparable
I remember the whole outfit is simple,
And the image is sweet, unforgettable,
Travels with me everywhere.
Keeper my genius - love
He is given in joy to separation;
Will I fall asleep? - will stick to the headboard
And soothe a sad dream.

Analysis of the poem "My Genius" by Batyushkov

"My Genius" is a wonderful poetic creation of the great Russian poet Konstantin Nikolayevich Batyushkov.

The elegy "My Genius", written in 1813, is dedicated to the poet's unrequited love for the charming girl Anna Furman. Despite the fact that the feelings of Konstantin Batyushkov remained unanswered, the image of his beloved remained with him for the rest of his life, inspiring the poet to write a cycle of poems, which includes this elegy.

Subject

The theme of the poem is the unrequited love of the poet.

At the beginning of the work, the author describes the confrontation between the heart and the mind, in which the victory remains with the feelings. The memories stored in the hero's heart captivate him even in the most distant lands. These confessions make us understand that in matters relating to love, reason has no power over the lover.

Idea

In his poem, the author laid the idea that sincere love is not afraid of either time or distance. Batyushkov showed that "the image of a sweet, unforgettable" is for him a guardian angel who can always console the sad soul of the hero.

Size and rhyme

The work under consideration by K. Batyushkov is written in iambic tetrameter. In the poem, the author uses the cross rhyme ABAB, as well as male and female rhymes.

Composition

“My genius” can be conditionally divided into two semantic parts: in the first part, the hero addresses his heart, and in the next part, a portrait of the beloved hero is presented. It should be noted that there is no visual division into stanzas in the work.

Genre

The genre of the poem is an elegy, it conveys the deep emotional experiences of the author, imbued with sadness. The work feels love and notes of sadness caused by separation.

means of expression

KN Batyushkov uses various means of artistic expression. Describing the memory of the heart, the author refers to syntactic parallelism, and creating the image of the beloved, uses expressive epithets that enhance the expressive coloring of the work (“blue eyes”, “sweet image”, “sad memory”, etc.).

To convey to the reader the inner state of the hero, the poet uses metaphors, for example, “curly hair”, “a distant country”, “golden curls”.

The poem "My Genius" by K. N. Batyushkov is one of the most beautiful works of the poet. It reflects how deep and sincere a person's feelings can be. In Russian poetry, the lyrics of Konstantin Batyushkov occupies a special place.

"My genius" is a touching declaration of love. Schoolchildren study it in the 9th grade. We offer you to learn more about the work by reading a brief analysis of "My Genius" according to the plan.

Brief analysis

History of creation- the work was written in 1813 after the poet broke up with Anna Furman. It entered the poetic cycle dedicated to this woman.

Theme of the poem- sincere love for a woman, a bright image of a person dear to the heart.

Composition– The analyzed poem is conditionally divided into semantic parts: the hero’s appeal to his heart and the portrait of his beloved. Most of the lines of the work reveal the portrait of the lyrical hero's beloved. It is not divided into stanzas.

Genre- love lyrics

Poetic size- iambic tetrameter, cross rhyme ABAB.

Metaphors – “memory of the heart”, “often with your sweetness you captivate me in a distant country”, “I remember the voice of sweet words”, “it will lean against the headboard and delight a sad dream”.

epithets – “sad memory”, “distant country”, “blue eyes”, “golden curls”, “curly hair”, “cute image, unforgettable”, “sad dream”.

History of creation

K. Batyushkov wrote the work “My Genius” in 1813. He was impressed by his love for A. Furman to create touching lines. The poet met the girl in 1812, his heart burned with sincere tender feelings. The man was ready to marry his beloved. Her parents were also not averse to such an alliance, knowing that Batyushkov was a wealthy nobleman.

That's just the one to whom the poem is dedicated, treated the poet's love with disdain. Once Konstantin Nikolayevich heard a conversation between A. Furman and his friends. The girl admitted that marriage for her is just a way to get rid of the instructions and control of her parents. Batyushkov's heart was broken. He admitted to Furman's parents that he did not have enough money to provide for his family. Now the father of his beloved Konstantin Nikolayevich was not very happy with such a party.

The young poet did not create a family with Furman, but love for the girl remained in his heart for many years. She inspired K. Batyushkov to create a cycle of love poetry, which took its rightful place in Russian literature.

Subject

The poem reveals the theme of sincere love for a woman. To reveal it, the author creates landscape and psychological sketches. There are two images in the center of the work - a lyrical hero and his beloved. The lines are written in the first person. This form allows you to convey all the nuances of the internal state of a man in love.

In the first verses, the lyrical hero refers to "memory of the heart" admitting that she is stronger than reason. The memories that are stored in the heart will captivate the lover even in distant lands. These confessions show that the mind has no power over the hero in matters relating to love.

Gradually, the memory of a man recreates the image of his beloved. It consists of individual details that have been preserved in the soul of the hero: a voice, blue eyes and curly golden hair. He affectionately calls the woman a shepherdess, admiring her simple clothes. It is such a bright image that is always next to a lover. The man believes that this is an angel who protects him and comforts him, leaning against the headboard.

In the poem, K. Batyushkov realized the idea that neither time nor distance has power over true love. The poet showed that the image dear to the heart is a guardian angel who is always ready to console a sad soul.

Composition

The analyzed poem is conditionally divided into semantic parts: the hero's appeal to his heart and the portrait of the hero's beloved. Parts vary in size. Most of the lines are a description of the woman he loves. The work is not divided into stanzas.

Genre

The genre of the work is love poetry. At the same time, undisguised sadness caused by separation is felt in the verses. The poetic size is iambic tetrameter. The text uses the cross rhyme ABAB, male and female rhymes.

means of expression

The artistic means used in the work serve to create the image of the beloved woman and convey the feelings of the lyrical hero. The main role in the work is played epithets: "sad memory", "distant country", "blue eyes", "golden curls", "curly hair", "sweet, unforgettable image", "sad dream". They give expressiveness to the described pictures. Metaphors- the main tool for reproducing the internal state of a man in love: "sad memory", "distant country", "blue eyes", "golden curls", "curly hair", "sweet, unforgettable image", "sad dream".

Intonation plays an important role in the text. With the help of rhetorical questions and exclamations, K. Batyushkov makes the emotional background of the poem more expressive. In some lines the poet used alliteration. For example, words with consonants "s", "h" express sadness: "you are stronger than the mind of sad memory."

Poem Test

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Batyushkov Konstantin Nikolaevich(1787-1855) - poet. V.G. Belinsky, speaking about the importance of Batyushkov in the development of Russian lyrics, pointed out: “ Batyushkov contributed much and much to the fact that Pushkin was what he really was.».

(1804-1857) - Russian composer, founder of the national school of composers.

The poem "My Genius" was written in July - early August 1815 in Kamenets-Podolsky (Bessarabia); sent to E.F. Muravyova in a letter dated 08/11/1815. First published: Collection of exemplary Russian works and translations in verse. SPb., 1816. Part V. S. 228; See also: Bulletin of Europe. 1816. Ch. LXXXVIII, No. 15. S. 176-177 (signature: B-c). Reprinted: "Experiments". Part II. P. 46. The poem is placed in Zhukovsky's Notebooks as part of the "Kamenets cycle", where it is provided with the epigraph Spirto beato quale // Se" quando altrui fai tale? (Blessed spirit, what // Are you when you make another the same?), taken from F. Petrarch's canzone "Se "l pensier che mi strugge ..." (CXXV, verses 77-78). The elegy "My Genius" was set to music by M.I. Glinka.

(1902-1977) - Russian Soviet opera singer (lyric tenor) and opera director, teacher. People's Artist of the USSR (1950).

As we have established (and even showed with the example of the message “My penates”), Batyushkov was a man of the romantic era, who yearned for the lost classical clarity. The more disharmonious his attitude became, the more harmonious, "classical" - poetic language. That is why stable poetic formulas are so often repeated in his works. For the same reason, Batyushkov from poem to poem reproduced a conditional portrait of his beloved: “golden hair”, blue eyes ... This was not a portrait of a real woman - it was a beautiful, motionless, non-existent ideal. And the "sweet" sound of Batyushkov's verse, affectionate, flexible, covered the poetic images he created with glaze. But in the depths of this motionless and slightly sleepy form, anxiety lurked, and it could break out at any moment, violating the deceptive peace of Batiushkov's style.

You have already read one of Batyushkov's most "airy" elegies - "My Genius", considered it as one of the examples of love lyrics of the 19th century. Now it's time to do a monographic analysis of the text, to connect the features of the poem with the general picture of the world that Batyushkov creates in his work.

Oh memory of the heart! You are stronger
Reason of sad memory
And often with its sweetness
You captivate me in a distant country.

My shepherdess incomparable
I remember the whole outfit is simple,
And the image is sweet, unforgettable
Travels with me everywhere.

Keeper my genius - with love
He is given in joy to separation:
Will I fall asleep? cling to the head
And soothe a sad dream.

The general tone of the poem is tenderness, the general impression is harmony. But already in the first verse, a clash of two themes, two moods is gradually outlined: the sadness of separation, the memory of which keeps the mind, and the sweetness of love, which the poet's heart cannot forget. Each of these themes, each of these moods immediately has its own sound correspondence. The sweet memory of the heart is associated with Batiushkov's favorite sounds - "l", "n", "m". They stretch, envelop the ear, soothe. And the sad memory of the mind is associated with sharp, exploding, roaring sounds: "p", "r", "h". These sounds collide in a line, fight each other, as the memory of sadness fights the memory of happy love.

The poet plunges into the depths of the "memory of the heart" in difficult times. It is not for nothing that the first verse opens with a heavy sigh, almost a groan: "Oh, the memory of the heart! .." Thus, on the verge of despair, they cry out to God: "Oh, God! .." The second stanza speaks of calm, of wonderful remembrance. Therefore, throughout the entire stanza - up to the last line! - you can never hear a formidably rolling "p" or resisting the pronunciation of "p" and "h". Sounds flow in a wave, like the golden curls of a loved one. (Here it is, Batyushkov’s favorite conditional portrait of a golden-haired, blue-eyed beauty!) And in the next stanza, Batyushkov “deciphers” this image, reminds the reader of the genre of idyll, in the shepherd’s clothes of which his heroine is dressed: “My incomparable shepherdess / I remember the whole simple outfit .. ."

Ho here's what you pay attention to, please. In the very last verse of this seemingly serene stanza, a single “r” sound suddenly appears: “Carelessly.” It does not violate the general "airy" sound of the stanza, but, like a tuning fork, imperceptibly reconfigures the poem in a different way.

The third stanza is thematically related to the second. It also speaks of the triumph of the "memory of the heart" over the "memory of the mind", love - over separation. But the sound-writing is completely different: THE SHEPHERD WOMAN is incomparable... A SIMPLE OUTFIT. And this makes some sense. Indeed, in the second stanza, Batyushkov sought to convey the state of bliss that gripped him at the memory of his beloved. And in the third - he slowly, gradually, but inexorably leaves this state, returns in thought to his current gloomy position.

... the image is cute, unforgettable
Travels with me everywhere...

The lyrical hero of Batyushkov is a wanderer, he is lonely, reason does not let him forget about it. This means that the sad “memory of the mind” gradually and imperceptibly defeats the sweet “memory of the heart”. And in the fourth stanza, he tells the reader precisely about his current unhappy state: “My guardian genius is love / He is given joy in separation.” The memory of the heart is only a joy, and separation is a dramatic reality, to which the poet belongs undividedly. The sounds "n", "m", "l", "v" fall into the rigid frame "p", "t".

However, is the power of reason undivided? Also no. As it should be in an elegy, the poet's feeling swings between hope and hopelessness, between sadness and sweetness. And none of the poles can attract the soul completely and irrevocably. The last two verses are again given over to the power of smooth, gentle sound writing. There is a dream during which a person leaves the limits of reason, lives the mysterious life of the heart. But this dream, alas, is sad, the memory of the heart can only sweeten it for a moment. And therefore, in the very center of the last verse, which sounds lengthy and measured, the sound “ch” “explodes”: “sad”. Having described the circle, the sad poem returns to its starting point. And then it goes out, enveloped in sonorous consonants; the last sound of the elegy is "n": soN ...

K.N. Batyushkov can be called the teacher of A.S. Pushkin, it was he who discovered many images and motifs, which the Russian genius later developed and brought to perfection. Poems by K.N. Batyushkov showed how melodic and sincere poetry can be. Before him, there was no such harmony and simplicity in Russian lyrics. The best of all the creative heritage of this author are poems dedicated to his beloved. And the work "My Genius" is a vivid confirmation of this.

K.N. Batyushkov was lucky to experience true love. He was happy with her, despite the fact that this love was not mutual. The poet devoted many poems to his beloved, which became the pearls of his creative heritage. The list of these love works also includes the poem “My Genius” we are considering.

To whom did the poet dedicate his poems? A young girl - Anna Furman. Young people met in St. Petersburg in 1813. K.N. Batyushkov courted Anna for a long time, but she did not have reciprocal feelings. Ultimately, she agreed to marry the gentleman, not for love, but because of his wealth. When the poet found out about this, he broke off the engagement. But the bright image of love that Anna gave him was preserved in his heart forever.

Genre, direction, size

Batyushkov worked in the heyday of romanticism. His poems are imbued with sadness and longing. By genre, the poem "My Genius" is an elegy, as it conveys the poet's deeply personal experiences, imbued with a mood of sadness. The lyrical hero turns to his memory and leads a conversation with her about irrevocable happiness.

The poet in his elegy uses such a poetic meter as iambic tetrameter, which conveys a smooth, measured rhythm. The type of rhyme in this work is mixed. The author combines male and female rhyme, which gives a feeling of some inconsistency. So K.N. Batyushkov wants to show the sincerity of what the lyrical hero is talking about. His words are not memorized patterns, but living speech.

Images and symbols

The focus is on the lyrical hero, who mentally refers to the memory: the memory of the heart and the memory of the mind. These two polar forces seem to be opposed. And the memory of the heart, it is the feeling that wins over the mind. And then he sees, as if in reality, his genius - his beloved, who alone is capable of filling the whole world with herself. The lyrical hero remembers the heroine in detail, he does not even need her personal presence, because her image is always with him.

The poem uses many images. So, for example, the image of a shepherdess. The lyrical hero wants to emphasize that he does not care about the status and wealth of his beloved, he loves her only because she is her. He doesn't need any other reason. Also significant are the images of memory, to which the narrator refers, pointing to the victory of the memory of the heart.

Topics and issues

The main theme of the poem is love. It is this feeling that the lyrical hero bows to. He is happy because he loves. Only the image of his beloved gives him consolation and the ability to create.
In addition, the author touches upon the problem of the struggle between reason and feeling. If earlier, at the time of classicism, the conflict of duty and emotions was resolved in favor of the first, then in this work the lyrical hero, without hesitation, chooses feelings.

Idea

The meaning of the work lies in the fact that love is a consolation and joy. This bright feeling captivates and leads into the world of dreams. Even in a foreign land, when everything is different around, heartfelt affection helps, does not allow a person to lose heart, fills his life with meaning.

Thus, the main idea of the work is that it is much more valuable to love than to be loved. Yes, it's wonderful when love is mutual. But, regardless of the feelings of the chosen one, your heart and soul are filled with life-giving power when you love.

Means of artistic expression

In his work, K.N. Batyushkov uses all kinds of means of artistic expression. So, when describing a genius - a beloved, the author uses bright epithets: "the voice of sweet words", "blue eyes", "golden curls". With the help of them, we can not only imagine the heroine, but also understand how gently and reverently the lyrical hero treats her.

The poet also uses metaphors, for example, "shepherds of the incomparable." The author emphasizes the simplicity and naivete, openness of his beloved.

In addition, in the poem by K.N. Batyushkov, we can meet syntactic parallelism when describing the appearance of the heroine. And the use of the words of the high lecture "Vlasov", "golden", which elevates the image of the beloved.